Job's Hospital

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The Hiobs Hospital is a charitable foundation founded in Hamburg in 1505 . Originally built as accommodation for syphilis patients on today's Spitalerstraße , it was converted into a residential home for old women after the St. Georg General Hospital was founded in 1824 and moved to a new building on Bürgerweide in the Borgfelde district in 1884 . The four-wing brick complex by Manfred Semper and Karl Friedrich Phillip Krutisch has been a listed building since 2005 .

history

The old hospital building on Spitalerstraße before the demolition, the characteristic bell tower was taken over as a quote in the new building.

An occurrence of syphilis is documented for the first time in Hamburg in 1498. Hans Treptow, senior elder of the brotherhood of fishermen, shopkeepers and Höker, initially cared for the sick at his own expense. Between 1505 and 1510 the first “Pockenhus” was built at Spitaler Tor with the support of the brotherhood. In the 16th and 17th centuries, however, “smallpox” generally meant syphilis, and it was only later that the term was transferred to what is now known as the disease .

Initially, the hospital only accepted single and destitute patients, only later did it become common, as in other hospitals, for well-to-do and healthy people to buy into the hospital in order to be cared for in old age (so-called beneficiaries ). The administration was the responsibility of the heads of the brotherhood, which merged with the hospital association after the Reformation . The close ties to the brotherhood are probably also the reason why the Hiobs Hospital, unlike other spiritual foundations, did not fall under the supervision of the senior senior college at that time, but was able to maintain its independence. From 1742–1745 the old “Pockenhus” was replaced by an enlarged new building on the corner of Spitalerstraße / Kleines Mühren, and it was expanded again in 1791/92.

Nevertheless, the increasing number of inmates could hardly be coped with, especially as the police increasingly began to transfer prisoners, apprehended beggars, "dissolute women" and other people with " venereal ailments" to the hospital. During the French occupation 1806–1814 the situation worsened, so that in 1814 part of the factory and penitentiary was rebuilt as a “Kurhaus” for the sick. This ended the hospital branch of the hospital, which was finally converted into a residential home for old women in 1824.

After the city ​​fire of 1842 , the Hamburg Senate gradually began to move the numerous residential buildings from the city center to the surrounding districts. In exchange for their inner-city plots, they were given building sites primarily in St. Georg , Borgfelde and Hohenfelde . After the Hiobs Hospital had moved to a new building on Bürgerweide in 1884, the old hospital building was demolished to make room for a school.

literature

  • Dieter Boedecker: The development of the Hamburg hospitals from the founding of the city to 1800 from a medical point of view, Kurt Heymann Verlag Hamburg 1977, pp. 171–228.
  • Michael Eissenhauer : The Hamburg Housing Foundations of the 19th Century (= workbooks on the preservation of monuments in Hamburg, No. 9), Christians Verlag Hamburg 1987, ISBN 3-7672-1010-X .

Web links

Commons : Hiobs-Hospital (Hamburg)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Monument protection for Hiobs-Hospital on the Bürgerweide: - WELT. In: THE WORLD. Retrieved January 6, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Boedecker: The development of the Hamburg hospitals , p. 175.
  3. ↑ Boedecker: The development of the Hamburg hospitals , p. 180.
  4. ↑ Boedecker: The development of the Hamburg hospitals , p. 205 f.
  5. ↑ Michael Eissenhauer : The Hamburg Housing Foundations of the 19th Century, Christians Verlag Hamburg 1987, pp. 17 ff. And 125.

Coordinates: 53 ° 33 '25.5 "  N , 10 ° 1' 48"  E