Hishi (ship, 1922)
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| Technical data up to 1939 as Hishi | |
| Ship type : | destroyer |
| Displacement : | 770 ts standard |
| Length: | 83.8 m |
| Width: | 7.9 m |
| Draft : | 2.4 m |
| Drive : | 3 steam boilers 2 steam turbines 21,500 PSw |
| Speed : | 36 kn |
| Range: | 3,000 nm at 15 knots |
| Crew : | 110 |
| Armament: | 3 × 12 cm L / 45 guns (3 × 1) 2 × 7.7 mm flak (2 × 1) 4 × 53.3 cm torpedo tubes (2 × 2) |
| Technical data from 1940 as patrol boat no.37 | |
| Ship type : | Patrol boat |
| Displacement : | 935 ts standard |
| Length: | 83.8 m |
| Width: | 7.9 m |
| Draft : | 2.4 m |
| Drive : | 2 steam boilers 2 steam turbines 12,000 PSw |
| Speed : | 18 kn |
| Range: | |
| Crew : | |
| Armament: | 2 × 12 cm L / 45 guns (2 × 1) 6 × 2.5 cm Flak 60 depth charges |
The Hishi ( Japanese 菱 , German " water nut " ( Trapa japonica )) was a 2nd class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy and belonged to the Momi class . She was laid down on November 10, 1920 at Uraga Senkyo in Shinagawa and put into service on March 3, 1922. In 1939/40 the ship was converted to patrol boat No. 37 (Japanese 第 37 号 哨 戒 艇 , Dai-37-gō shōkaitei , also PC-37 ) and destroyed in 1942 in World War II.
The name giver for this class of ship was the destroyer Momi . They were the first Japanese destroyers that were not built according to British models. A total of twenty-one units of this class were built. Since the main armament (12 cm guns) were placed in a central line and the torpedo tubes between the forecastle and the bridge, the seaworthiness of these small destroyers improved considerably. The speed of 36 knots and the shallow draft also made the ships excellent destroyers in shallow coastal waters.
From 1939 fourteen of the seventeen remaining units in this class were modernized, nine were converted into patrol boats and five into training ships / tenders.
The Hishi became Patrol Boat No. 37 . By the end of the conversion work on April 1, 1940, a boiler of the machine system was removed, the stern modified to accommodate a Daihatsu landing craft (approx. 14 m long, loading capacity 1 tank or 70 men or 10 tons of material) and accommodation for 150 men landing troops set up. In addition, the armament was adapted to the changed needs, especially for the defense against submarine and aircraft attacks . In order to improve stability, the water displacement was increased to 935 tons by additional ballast.
The patrol boat No. 37 was used mainly in Chinese waters and to support amphibious landing operations at the beginning of the Japanese advance in the Pacific during World War II. It was involved in the landing on Tarakan and Borneo in January 1942. There the ship was heavy with gunfire and torpedoes in the early morning (approx. 3:45 am) of January 24, 1942 by the destroyers USS Pope and USS Parrot damaged and aground (position: 1 ° 24 ′ S , 117 ° 2 ′ E ). It was later salvaged, but not repaired because of the severe damage and was removed from the fleet list.
literature
- Anthony J. Watts: Japanese Warships of World War II.
- Francis E. McMurtrie (Ed.): Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II. ISBN 0-517-67963-9 .
- J. Rohwer, G. Hummelchen: Chronology of the war at sea 1939-1945. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, ISBN 1-55750-105-X .