Hlothhere

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Hlothhere (also Hlotharius, Clotharius, Cloðerius, Hloðhere, Hloþere, Hloþhære, Lotharius ; † February 6, 685 ) was king of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Kent from 673/674 until his death . He came from the Oiscingas dynasty .

Kent in Anglo-Saxon times

Life

family

Hlothhere was a son of King Earconberht I and his wife Seaxburg , a daughter of King Anna of East Anglia . He had two sisters, Eormenhild and Eorcengota and the brother Ecgberht . Eorcengota became a nun in Faremoutiers Abbey in the Franconian Empire and Eormenhild was married to Wulfhere (658–675), King of Mercia . Descendants of Hlothheres are not known.

Domination

After the death of his father Earconberht in 664, his brother Ecgberht I succeeded as King of Kent. His mother Seaxburg retired to a monastery. According to the chronicler Beda Venerabilis , Hlothhere became his successor as king after Ecgberht's death on July 4, 673. Presumably, however, there was an interregnum by Wulfhere of Mercia. After a military defeat against Northumbria in 674, Wulfheres influence waned and in 675, the year Wulfheres died, Hlothhere notarized land transfers in the "first year of his rule" after "consultation" with Archbishop Theodor and the consent of "his first" without the usual consent the hegemonic power of Mercia.

In 676 there was an open conflict with Mercia, whose king Æthelred invaded Kent and caused considerable devastation there, churches and monasteries were looted and the bishopric of Rochester destroyed. The trigger of this campaign was possibly the successful endeavor Hlothheres to shake off the mercian supremacy. In the Chartas Hlothheres there is no evidence of dependence on the influential Mercia. Hlothhere seems to have extended its sphere of influence as far as Lundenwic (London) in Essex , where a wic-gerefa (roughly "market bailiff") held office in Kents' "royal hall". Some historians believe that Kent dominated southern England around 679/680.

The graves of the Kentish kings Eadbald († 640), Hlothhere († 685), Wihtred († 725) and Mul († 687) in today's St. Augustine Abbey . (left to right)

Later there was presumably a subordinate co-reign of his nephew Eadric , since his name can be found together with the Hlothheres under a code of law. In 679, Hlothhere cum consensu archiepiscopi Theodori et Edrico, filium fratris mei ("with the consent of Archbishop Theodor and Eadrics, my brother's son") gave lands near Westanae (on the Isle of Thanet ) and to the abbot Beorhtwald and the Reculver monastery in Sturry (near Canterbury). This is the oldest originally preserved Anglo-Saxon charter . A later charter of King Swæfheard from 689 confirmed an apparently joint donation of land to Hlothheres and Eadrics. In 680 Archbishop Theodore convened the Synod of Hatfield , in which the kings Hlothhere (Kent), Æthelred (Mercia) , Ealdwulf (East Anglia) and Ecgfrith (Northumbria) took part alongside bishops and priests per universam Britanniam ("from all over Britain") . However, the document issued there with the signatures of the kings is a forgery. Around 684/685 Eadric and Hlothhere must have fallen out, because Eadric went to Sussex , where he mobilized troops against Hlothhere, whom he was able to defeat in a battle on February 6, 685. Hlothhere succumbed to his injuries while still on the battlefield. Eadric was succeeded as king. Hlothhere was buried in the Peter and Paul Abbey in Canterbury .

swell

literature

  • Nicholas J. Higham: An English Empire: Bede, the Britons, and the Early Anglo-Saxon Kings , Manchester University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0719044236
  • DP Kirby: The Earliest English Kings , Routledge, 2000, ISBN 978-0415242110 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Simon Keynes: Kings of Kent . In: Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England , Wiley-Blackwell, 2001, ISBN 978-0-6312-2492-1 , pp. 501-502.
  2. ↑ a b Beda: HE 3.8
  3. ↑ a b Beda: HE 4.26
  4. ^ Mary Dockray-Miller: Motherhood and Mothering in Anglo-Saxon England , Palgrave Macmillan, 2000, ISBN 978-0312227210 , p. 13.
  5. ↑ Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 664 Online in Project Gutenberg (English)
  6. ↑ Beda: HE 4,5
  7. ↑ DP Kirby: The Earliest English Kings , Routledge, 2000, ISBN 978-0415242110 , p. 96.
  8. ↑ S7
  9. ↑ Frank Merry Stenton (author), Doris Mary Stenton (ed.): Preparatory to Anglo-Saxon England: Being the Collected Papers of Frank Merry Stenton (Oxford Scholarly Classics), Oxford University Press, 2001, ISBN 978-0198223146 , p. 50.
  10. ↑ Beda: HE 4.12
  11. ↑ Peter Hayes Sawyer: From Roman Britain to Norman England , Methuen, 1978, ISBN 978-0416716207 , pp. 41-42.
  12. ^ A b Nicholas J. Higham: An English Empire: Bede, the Britons, and the Early Anglo-Saxon Kings , Manchester University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0719044236 , pp. 121-123.
  13. ↑ S8
  14. ↑ S10
  15. ↑ S1428a
  16. ↑ Nicholas J. Higham: An English Empire: Bede, the Britons, and the Early Anglo-Saxon Kings , Manchester University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0719044236 , pp. 119-120.
predecessor Office successor
Ecgberht I. King of Kent
673 / 674–685 		Eadric
personal data
SURNAME Hlothhere
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hlotharius; Clotharius; Cloðerius; Hloðhere; Hearts; Hloþhære; Lotharius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Kent
DATE OF BIRTH 7th century
DATE OF DEATH February 6, 685