Hohlandhaus
| Hohlandhaus | |
|---|---|
 The Hohlandhaus seen from the west. |
|
| Data | |
| place | Winterthur |
| Architectural style | Half-timbered construction |
| Construction year | 1117 |
| Coordinates | 699 249 / 262 556 |
The Hohlandhaus (also Holland House is called) a formerly as a mansion unused half-timbered building in Winterthur Stadtkreis Oberwinterthur , whose origins lie in the 12th century. Together with the St. Arbogast Church, it forms the historical center of Oberwinterthur. The historically valuable building is listed by the federal government in the list of cultural assets of national importance in the canton of Zurich .
location
The Hohlandhaus stands on the southern edge of the former fort hill of the Roman vicus Vitudurum, which slopes down towards the Eulach, next to the Reformed Church of St. Arbogast. In contrast to the church, however, it is not located within the former fort walls, but only borders the former fort with the north wall.
history
According to dendrochronological dating , the construction of the oldest part of the Hohlandhaus dates back to 1117. At that time, a two- to three-story tower was built on the Roman fort walls, which could have served as a warehouse . The up to 2.5 meters thick Opus spicatum masonry from this period is still preserved on the ground floor and in the basement of the house. The tower is believed to be the residence of the Meier von Oberwinterthur , first mentioned in 1175 , who moved to the Neuburg near Wülflingen in the middle of the 13th century . However, this contradicts the findings made during the renovation from 1985 to 1987 with regard to the weak masonry, which would only have withstood another storey in half-timbered construction. Rather, the building could have been the granary of a court of the Bishop of Constance , whose court can be proven in the vicinity from 1155.
In the 14th century, the warehouse was expanded to include a residential building. During the extensive renovation from 1985 to 1987, a coat of arms of the Petershausen monastery was found from this time , which shows that the building was used as an administrative center. The Meier managed their estates in Oberwinterthur from the Hohlandhaus, to which Hegi also belonged, where the monastery had several farm buildings.
When the monastery property was dissolved with the Reformation , the Hohlandhaus was partially hollowed out around 1530 and new floors were added. The attic also comes from this conversion. It is conceivable that the Hohlandhaus was then the residence of the pastor of the Church of St. Arbogast; however, this cannot be proven. Before it was converted into a farmhouse in 1754, it was used as the pastor's house; the pastor moved to a new building north of the house. In the 18th century, a resident of the house is said to have been in Dutch service as a traveler and to have been called "Holländer" in the village, from where the current name of the house comes. In 1898 the Hohlandhaus was converted into an apartment building with three apartments as part of the housing shortage at the time; it still serves this purpose today.
Shortly before the incorporation, the then still independent municipality of Oberwinterthur bought the Hohlandhaus in 1918, whereby it came into the possession of the city of Winterthur four years later with the incorporation. A planned demolition of the house by the city was prevented in 1937 by an objection by the Historisch-Antiquarischer Verein Winterthur. In 1954 the barn to the east was demolished and the house underwent an exterior renovation. A comprehensive analysis and renovation of the Hohlandhaus followed from 1985 to 1987, which resulted in many important findings about the house. Up to this point it was assumed that the Hohlandhaus might have been a tower castle in the past .
literature
- Winterthur Monument Preservation (Ed.): Building in a Historical Context - Conversion and Restoration of the Hohlandhaus . Winterthur 1994.
- Heinz Pantli: The Holland House in Oberwinterthur. From the high medieval storage building to the early modern official residence . In: Working group for house research, Christian Renfer (ed.): City and country: Novations and exchange of novations on Lake Zurich . Yearbook for House Research, No. 45 . Jonas-Verlag, 1997, ISBN 3-89445-221-8 , p. 127 f .
Web links
- Article "The Holland House - From Warehouse to Mercenary House" in the Winterthurer Stadtanzeiger .
- Hollandhaus in Winterthur Glossary.
- Burgenwelt: Burg Oberwinterthur (Hollandhaus)
swell
- ↑ Harald Derschka : Die Ministeriale des Hochstiftes Konstanz ( Konstanz Working Group for Medieval History: Lectures and Research ; Special Volume 45). Thorbecke, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-7995-6755-0 , pp. 177-184.
- ^ Daniel Schneller: Hohlandhaus . In: Office for Urban Development of the City of Winterthur (Hrsg.): Newspaper for European Heritage Day 2007 . Winterthur September 8, 2007, p. 22 ( stadt.winterthur.ch [PDF; 5.2 MB ; accessed on February 14, 2013]).
- ↑ Hohlandhaus. In: History of Oberwinterthur. Oberwinterthur local association, accessed on February 14, 2013 .
- ↑ Hollandhaus im Winterthur Glossary.
- ↑ Heinz Pantli: The Holland House - From the warehouse to the mercenary house . In: Winterthurer Stadtanzeiger . April 6, 2010 ( stadi-online.ch [accessed on February 14, 2013]).