Hoka languages

Dissemination of the Hoka languages

Hoka is a controversial macro language family , the various, mostly in California occurring indigenous American languages summarizing. However, since no convincing evidence of a relationship between these languages ​​has been produced to date, the validity of this language family is unlikely.

In the list of ISO-639-5 codes , the language family is officially listed with the code [hok].

Classification of the Hoka languages

• Hoka language
  • Esselen-Yuman language (10)
    • Esselen language
    • Yuma language
      • Cochimi language
      • Delta Californian Language (2)
        • Cocopa language
        • Kumiai language
      • Kiliwa language
      • Paipai language
      • River Yuma language
        • Mohave language
        • Maricopa language
        • Quechan language
      • Upland Yuma language
        • Havasupai language 404 speakers (1990 status)
        • Walapai language (Hualapai) 440 speakers (1990 status)
        • Yavapai language 163 speakers (1990 status)
  • Northern Hoka language (13)
    • Chimariko language
    • Karok Shasta Language (4)
      • Karok language
      • Shasta Palaihnihan language (3)
        • Palaihnihan language (2)
          • Achumawi language
          • Atsugewi language
        • Shasta language
    • Pomo language (7)
      • Russian River and Eastern Pomo languages ​​(6)
        • Eastern Pomo language
        • Russian River Pomo Language (5)
          • Northeastern Pomo language
          • Northern Pomo language
          • Kashaya language
          • Southern Pomo language
          • Central Pomo language
      • Southeastern Pomo language
    • Yana language
  • Salinan Seri Language (2)
    • Salinan language
    • Seri language
  • Tequistlatecan
    • Chontal , Oaxaca highlands
    • Chontal , Oaxaca Plain
  • Washoe

literature

• William H. Jacobsen, Jr .: Hokan Inter-Branch Comparisons. In: Lyle Campbell , Marianne Mithun (Eds.): The Languages ​​of Native America. Historical and Comparative Assessment. University of Texas Press, Austin TX et al. 1979, ISBN 0-292-74624-5 , pp. 545-591.
• Margaret Langdon: Some Thoughts on Hokan With Particular Reference to Pomoan and Yuman. In: Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun (Eds.): The Languages ​​of Native America. Historical and Comparative Assessment. University of Texas Press, Austin TX et al. 1979, ISBN 0-292-74624-5 , pp. 592-649.
• Lynn Gordon: Maricopa Morphology and Syntax. (= University of California Publications in Linguistics. 108). University of California Press, Berkeley CA et al. 1986, ISBN 0-520-09965-6 .
• Sally McLendon: Sketch of Pomo, a Pomoan Language. In: William C. Sturtevant (Ed.): Handbook of North American Indians . Volume 17: Ives Goddard (Ed.): Languages. Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 1996, ISBN 0-16-048774-9 , pp. 507-550.

See also

• language
• Language family
• Language families of the world
• Single language
• Penuti languages

Web links

• North and Mesoamerican languages
• Ethnologue: Languages ​​of the World English

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America . New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1 .
2. ↑ Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages ​​of Native North America . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X .