Hypoponera ergatandria

Hypoponera ergatandria
	Hypoponera ergatandria
Systematics
Class :	Insects (Insecta)
Order :	Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Family :	Ants (Formicidae)
Subfamily :	Great Ants (Ponerinae)
Genre :	Hypoponera
Type :	Hypoponera ergatandria
Scientific name
	Hypoponera ergatandria
	( Forel , 1893)

Hypoponera ergatandria is an ant from the subfamily of the ancient ants (Ponerinae). In Central Europe it onlyoccurs inrooms that are heated all year round.

features

The dark, yellowish-brown workers are 2.5 to 3 millimeters long. Three segments of the 12-part antennas are club-shaped. The Scapi are short and do not extend beyond the head silhouette. The tiny compound eyes consist of no more than five ommatids that are almost fused into one another . The triangular mandibles have four or five larger teeth on the chewing margin, followed by other small teeth.

The ergatoid males have 13-jointed antennae and no defensive sting . They are dimensionally dimorphic, which is why they are divided into "major" males and "minor" males. The "major" males lead killing battles with one another to mate the young queens, the "minor" males do not take part. There are winged, gynomorphic females as well as ergatomorphic , wingless females.

Similar species

Hypoponera ergatandria can not be distinguished from its sister species Hypoponera punctatissima on the basis of visible features. There are no clear morphological distinguishing features such as conspicuous outgrowths or differences in hairiness. A clear identification of the species is possible with the help of morphometric methods (discriminant analysis). There are also differences in the choice of living space.

Way of life

Hypoponera ergatandria is a subtropical and tropical cosmopolitan . In Central Europe, it can only be found on year-round warm buildings with an intact soil substrate, such as in greenhouses. They rely on the presence of prey insects in the soil. Settlements in the wild are not known, even if single, swarming queens can be found. Winged females are rare in Central Europe in summer. Due to the short days, sex animals develop increasingly from November to February. This species is therefore dependent on human help to spread. New colonies arise exclusively through carryover in biomass. Nests usually consist of a maximum of 200 individuals. The behavior is similar to that of Hypoponera punctatissima .

Systematics

Synonyms

The following synonyms for Hypoponera ergatandria are known from the literature :

Hypoponera kalakauae
Hypoponera schauinslandi
Hypoponera aemula
Hypoponera bondroiti

swell

Individual evidence

^ Bernhard Seifert: Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger) and H. schauinslandi (Emery) Two morphologically and biologically distinct species. Retrieved July 11, 2008 .
↑ Bernhard Seifert: The ants of Central and Northern Europe . lutra Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, Görlitz / Tauer 2007, ISBN 978-3-936412-03-1
↑ Bernhard Seifert . Hypoponera ergatandria (Forel, 1893) - a cosmopolitan tramp species different from H. punctatissima (Roger, 1859) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Retrieved November 4, 2014 .

Web links

Antweb images of Hypoponera schauinslandi

[1] Bernhard Seifert: Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger) and H. schauinslandi (Emery) Two morphologically and biologically distinct species. Retrieved July 11, 2008 .

[seifert2007-2] Bernhard Seifert: The ants of Central and Northern Europe . lutra Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, Görlitz / Tauer 2007, ISBN 978-3-936412-03-1

[seifert2013-3] Bernhard Seifert . Hypoponera ergatandria (Forel, 1893) - a cosmopolitan tramp species different from H. punctatissima (Roger, 1859) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Retrieved November 4, 2014 .