Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis
The Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), German Brazilian Institute for Environment and Renewable Natural Resources , is the Brazilian Federal Environment Agency. The IBAMA was founded on February 22, 1989 as an independent authority based in Brasília . The current president has been the lawyer Eduardo Fortunato Bim since January 2019 .
After the military dictatorship (1964–1985), the various institutions and authorities that were active in the field of environmental protection were reorganized. The IBAMA was created from the merger of four institutions:
- Secretaria do Meio Ambiente (SEMA) - State Secretariat for the Environment;
- Superintendência da Borracha (SUDHEVEA) - Supervision of rubber;
- Superintendência da Pesca (SUDEPE) - Superintendent for Fisheries;
- Instituto Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Florestal (IBDF) - Brazilian Institute for Forest Development.
structure
The presidency of the institute has five directors responsible for:
- Diretoria de Planejamento, Administração e Logística (DIPLAN);
- Diretoria de Proteção Ambiental (DIPRO);
- Diretoria de Licenciamento Ambiental (DILIC);
- Diretoria de Qualidade Ambiental (DIQUA);
- Diretoria de Uso Sustentável da Biodiversidade e Florestas (DBFLO).
IBAMA is assigned to the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment (Ministério do Meio Ambiente, MMA). This also includes the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade , the Federal Nature Conservation Agency.
household
In reais , sources
| 2005 | 2010 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 316,613,413 | 1,113,112,946 | 1,104,608,311 | 1,188,224,633 | 1,246,711,346 | 1,321,243,658 | 1,183,630,863 |
activities
In June 2011, the IBAMA uncovered a case in which 2,4-D-containing herbicides were sprayed from an airplane to defoliate the jungle in the state of Amazonas .
On August 4, 2016, IBAMA refused to grant the necessary environmental license for the São Luiz do Tapajós hydropower plant , without which the project cannot be built. The indigenous group of the Munduruku and the environmental protection organization Greenpeace had jointly protested against the project planned by the government.
Controversy
The work of the IBAMA is not unchallenged. It collides with the interests of rainforest dwellers, landowners, mine operators, beneficiaries of large monocultures, the timber industry and the more than 200,000 illegal gold diggers ( garimpeiros ) in the Amazon region. When enforcing environmental protection requirements, conflicts regularly arise with multinational and national corporations - mostly in places where nature reserves and Indian reservations are not respected.
In the first years of its existence, the environmental activist José Lutzenberger accused the IBAMA in 1992 of being corrupt and a "branch of the timber trade" ("uma sucursal de madeireiros").
The presidency has changed 23 times in 25 years (as of 2016).
In April 2019, the IBAMA approved oil drilling in the Abrolhos coral reef .
Web links
- IBAMA website (Portuguese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lei Nº 7.735, de 22 de fevereiro de 1989. Dispõe sobre a extinção de órgão e de entidade autárquica, cria o Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis e dá outras providências. [accessed August 7, 2016 (Portuguese)].
- ^ Brazil: Eduardo Fortunato Bim named President of Ibama. In: agropages.com. Grainews, January 21, 2019, accessed May 26, 2020 .
- ↑ IBAMA Histórico ( Memento of the original of November 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Brief historical overview [accessed August 7, 2016 (Portuguese)].
- ↑ Relatório de Gestão do Exercício de 2014. ( Memento of the original from November 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis, Brasília 2015. Also previous editions (Portuguese).
- ↑ Database queries at Execução Orçamentária ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Transparência Pública (Portuguese).
- ↑ Ibama impede uso, para desmatamento em Novo Aripuanã / AM, de quatro toneladas herbicidas altamente tóxicos. In: EcoDebate of June 28, 2011 [accessed August 7, 2016 (Portuguese)].
- ↑ Environment Agency prevents Brazil's largest dam. In: Zeit Online from August 5, 2016.
- ↑ Danilo Fariello: Ibama nega licença ambiental de Hidrelétrica no rio Tapajós. In: O Globo of August 4, 2016 [accessed August 7, 2016 (Portuguese)].
- ↑ Hidrelétrica no está Tapajós cancelada. In: Greenpeace Brasil of August 4, 2016 [accessed August 7, 2016 (Portuguese)].
- ^ Teresa Urban: Missão (quase) impossível. Aventuras e desventuras do movimento ambientalista no Brasil. Peirópolis 2001, pp. 85-86.
- ↑ Unbelievable, that must be prevented! Oil drilling in the coral reef in Brazil! - Save ABROLHOS Brazil! Ministry orders IBAMA to release oil near coral reef! In: netzfrauen.org. April 12, 2019, accessed May 26, 2020 .
