ISO 8859

ISO 8859

-1	Latin-1 , Western European
-2	Latin-2 , Central European
-3	Latin-3 , Southern European
-4	Latin-4 , Northern European
-5	Cyrillic
-6	Arabic
-7	Greek
-8th	Hebrew
-9	Latin-5 , Turkish
-10	Latin-6 , Nordic
-11	Thai
-12	(does not exist)
-13	Latin-7 , Baltic
-14	Latin-8 , Celtic
-15	Latin-9 , Western European
-16	Latin-10 , Southeast European

The ISO 8859 family of standards  , more precisely ISO / IEC 8859 , of the International Organization for Standardization defines various 8-bit character sets for information technology in 15 adopted and one rejected sub-standard , including:

• ISO 8859-1 is the second most common coding of websites in January 2017 with 5.5% , after UTF-8 with 88.2%.
• ISO 8859-2, 8859-9 and 8859-15 are used by 0.3-0.2% of all websites.
• the other sub-standards play no role in practice.

General structure of the character sets

• The first 128 positions are identical for all sub-standards and correspond to the characters of the 7-bit set US-ASCII .
  • 00 _hex to 1F _hex and 7F _hex represent control characters . The meaning of the characters is not defined in this standard.
  • 20 _hex to 7E _hex contain printable characters ( letters , numbers , punctuation marks ...)
• The characters 7F _hex to 9F _hex are not defined in the standard ( "Their use is outside the scope of ISO / IEC 8859; it is specified in other International Standards, for example ISO / IEC 6429. " )
• The last 96 positions (A0 _hex to FF _hex ) contain regional special characters and make the difference between the sub-standards. They are presented in table form below. The character assignment, especially of ISO 8859-1, reflects the structure of ASCII.
  • A0 _hex to BF _hex mainly contains punctuation marks and special characters.
  • C0 _hex to DF _hex contain mainly uppercase letters.
  • E0 _hex to FF _hex mainly contain lowercase letters.

Remarks

• The frequently used Latin-1 character set is identical to the first 256 characters of the Unicode character set.
• The newer Latin-9 character set ( ISO 8859-15 ) differs from the Latin-1 character set in only 8 positions; among other things, the general currency symbol ¤ was replaced by the euro symbol €.
• No “ISO 8859-12” character set was specified within the family of standards. The term was temporarily used for two different proposals, but neither was adopted as the standard.
• ISO / IEC no longer actively develops the ISO 8859 standards. The character sets have been replaced by ISO UCS , which has the same content as the Unicode standard. This is mainly used in the form of UTF-8 coding.

Letters for the German language

The German umlauts Ä = C4 _hex , ä = E4 _hex , Ö = D6 _hex , ö = F6 _hex , Ü = DC _hex and ü = FC _hex as well as the small Eszett ß = DF _hex are each in ten sub-standards of the Latin group the same positions or with the same code. A compatibility between these standards is given, at least for German-language texts.

Only in the sub-norms for the alphabets -5 Cyrillic, -6 Arabic, -7 Greek, -8 Hebrew and -11 Thai are the German special characters not available.

Table of regional special characters

At position A0 _hex always lying breaking spaces (Engl. Non breaking space ) and AD _hex of the most conditional hyphen (Engl. Soft hyphen ), which is visible only at the end of the line. Other empty fields are either not (yet) filled or cannot be displayed on the system used.

Additions and changes to the 2003 version of the standard.
Undefined characters are highlighted in green.

Assignment of the ISO 8859 sub-standards with regional special characters

Binary	Oct	Dec	Hex	-1	-2	-3	-4	-5	-6	-7	-8th	-9	-10	-11	-13	-14	-15	-16
10100000	240	160	A0	NBSP
10100001	241	161	A1	¡	Ą	H	Ą	Ё		'		¡	Ą	ก	”	Ḃ	¡	Ą
10100010	242	162	A2	¢	˘	˘	ĸ	Ђ		'	¢	¢	Ē	ข	¢	ḃ	¢	ą
10100011	243	163	A3	£	Ł	£	Ŗ	Ѓ		£	£	£	G	ฃ	£	£	£	Ł
10100100	244	164	A4	¤	¤	¤	¤	Є	¤	€	¤	¤	Ī	ค	¤	Ċ	€	€
10100101	245	165	A5	¥	Ľ		Ĩ	Ѕ		₯	¥	¥	Ĩ	ฅ	"	ċ	¥	"
10100110	246	166	A6	¦	Ś	H	Ļ	І		¦	¦	¦	Ķ	ฆ	¦	Ḋ	Š	Š
10100111	247	167	A7	§	§	§	§	Ї		§	§	§	§	ง	§	§	§	§
10101000	250	168	A8	¨	¨	¨	¨	Ј		¨	¨	¨	Ļ	จ	O	Ẁ	š	š
10101001	251	169	A9	©	Š	İ	Š	Љ		©	©	©	Đ	ฉ	©	©	©	©
10101010	252	170	AA	ª	Ş	Ş	Ē	Њ		ͺ	×	ª	Š	ช	Ŗ	Ẃ	ª	Ș
10101011	253	171	FROM	«	Ť	G	G	Ћ		«	«	«	Ŧ	ซ	«	ḋ	«	«
10101100	254	172	AC	¬	Ź	Ĵ	Ŧ	Ќ	،	¬	¬	¬	Ž	ฌ	¬	Ỳ	¬	Ź
10101101	255	173	AD	SHY										ญ	SHY
10101110	256	174	AE	®	Ž		Ž	Ў			®	®	Ū	ฎ	®	®	®	ź
10101111	257	175	AF	¯	Ż	Ż	¯	Џ		-	¯	¯	Ŋ	ฏ	Æ	Ÿ	¯	Ż
Binary	Oct	Dec	Hex	-1	-2	-3	-4	-5	-6	-7	-8th	-9	-10	-11	-13	-14	-15	-16
10110000	260	176	B0	°	°	°	°	А		°	°	°	°	ฐ	°	Ḟ	°	°
10110001	261	177	B1	±	ą	H	ą	Б		±	±	±	ą	ฑ	±	ḟ	±	±
10110010	262	178	B2	²	˛	²	˛	В		²	²	²	ē	ฒ	²	G	²	Č
10110011	263	179	B3	³	ł	³	ŗ	Г		³	³	³	G	ณ	³	G	³	ł
10110100	264	180	B4	´	´	´	´	Д		΄	´	´	ī	ด	"	Ṁ	Ž	Ž
10110101	265	181	B5	µ	ľ	µ	ĩ	Е		΅	µ	µ	ĩ	ต	µ	ṁ	µ	”
10110110	266	182	B6	¶	ś	H	ļ	Ж		Ά	¶	¶	ķ	ถ	¶	¶	¶	¶
10110111	267	183	B7	·	ˇ	·	ˇ	З		·	·	·	·	ท	·	Ṗ	·	·
10111000	270	184	B8	¸	¸	¸	¸	И		Έ	¸	¸	ļ	ธ	O	ẁ	ž	ž
10111001	271	185	B9	¹	š	ı	š	Й		Ή	¹	¹	đ	น	¹	ṗ	¹	č
10111010	272	186	BA	º	ş	ş	ē	К		Ί	÷	º	š	บ	ŗ	ẃ	º	ș
10111011	273	187	BB	»	ť	G	G	Л	؛	»	»	»	ŧ	ป	»	Ṡ	»	»
10111100	274	188	BC	¼	ź	ĵ	ŧ	М		Ό	¼	¼	ž	ผ	¼	ỳ	Œ	Œ
10111101	275	189	BD	½	˝	½	Ŋ	Н		½	½	½	-	ฝ	½	Ẅ	œ	œ
10111110	276	190	BE	¾	ž		ž	О		Ύ	¾	¾	ū	พ	¾	ẅ	Ÿ	Ÿ
10111111	277	191	BF	¿	ż	ż	ŋ	П	؟	Ώ		¿	ŋ	ฟ	æ	ṡ	¿	ż
Binary	Oct	Dec	Hex	-1	-2	-3	-4	-5	-6	-7	-8th	-9	-10	-11	-13	-14	-15	-16
11000000	300	192	C0	À	Ŕ	À	Ā	Р		ΐ		À	Ā	ภ	Ą	À	À	À
11000001	301	193	C1	Á	Á	Á	Á	С	ء	Α		Á	Á	ม	Į	Á	Á	Á
11000010	302	194	C2	Â	Â	Â	Â	Т	آ	Β		Â	Â	ย	Ā	Â	Â	Â
11000011	303	195	C3	Ã	Ă		Ã	У	أ	Γ		Ã	Ã	ร	Ć	Ã	Ã	Ă
11000100	304	196	C4	Ä	Ä	Ä	Ä	Ф	ؤ	Δ		Ä	Ä	ฤ	Ä	Ä	Ä	Ä
11000101	305	197	C5	Å	Ĺ	Ċ	Å	Х	إ	Ε		Å	Å	ล	Å	Å	Å	Ć
11000110	306	198	C6	Æ	Ć	Ĉ	Æ	Ц	ئ	Ζ		Æ	Æ	ฦ	Ę	Æ	Æ	Æ
11000111	307	199	C7	Ç	Ç	Ç	Į	Ч	ا	Η		Ç	Į	ว	Ē	Ç	Ç	Ç
11001000	310	200	C8	È	Č	È	Č	Ш	ب	Θ		È	Č	ศ	Č	È	È	È
11001001	311	201	C9	É	É	É	É	Щ	ة	Ι		É	É	ษ	É	É	É	É
11001010	312	202	CA	Ê	Ę	Ê	Ę	Ъ	ت	Κ		Ê	Ę	ส	Ź	Ê	Ê	Ê
11001011	313	203	CB	Ë	Ë	Ë	Ë	Ы	ث	Λ		Ë	Ë	ห	Ė	Ë	Ë	Ë
11001100	314	204	CC	Ì	Ě	Ì	Ė	Ь	ج	Μ		Ì	Ė	ฬ	G	Ì	Ì	Ì
11001101	315	205	CD	Í	Í	Í	Í	Э	ح	Ν		Í	Í	อ	Ķ	Í	Í	Í
11001110	316	206	CE	Î	Î	Î	Î	Ю	خ	Ξ		Î	Î	ฮ	Ī	Î	Î	Î
11001111	317	207	CF	Ï	Ď	Ï	Ī	Я	د	Ο		Ï	Ï	ฯ	Ļ	Ï	Ï	Ï
Binary	Oct	Dec	Hex	-1	-2	-3	-4	-5	-6	-7	-8th	-9	-10	-11	-13	-14	-15	-16
11010000	320	208	D0	Ð	Đ		Đ	а	ذ	Π		G	Ð	ะ	Š	Ŵ	Ð	Đ
11010001	321	209	D1	Ñ	Ń	Ñ	Ņ	б	ر	Ρ		Ñ	Ņ	ั	Ń	Ñ	Ñ	Ń
11010010	322	210	D2	O	Ň	O	O	в	ز			O	O	า	Ņ	O	O	O
11010011	323	211	D3	O	O	O	Ķ	г	س	Σ		O	O	ำ	O	O	O	O
11010100	324	212	D4	O	O	O	O	д	ش	Τ		O	O	ิ	O	O	O	O
11010101	325	213	D5	O	O	G	O	е	ص	Υ		O	O	ี	O	O	O	O
11010110	326	214	D6	Ö	Ö	Ö	Ö	ж	ض	Φ		Ö	Ö	ึ	Ö	Ö	Ö	Ö
11010111	327	215	D7	×	×	×	×	з	ط	Χ		×	Ũ	ื	×	Ṫ	×	Ś
11011000	330	216	D8	O	Ř	G	O	и	ظ	Ψ		O	O	ุ	Ų	O	O	Ű
11011001	331	217	D9	Ù	Ů	Ù	Ų	й	ع	Ω		Ù	Ų	ู	Ł	Ù	Ù	Ù
11011010	332	218	THERE	Ú	Ú	Ú	Ú	к	غ	Ϊ		Ú	Ú	ฺ	Ś	Ú	Ú	Ú
11011011	333	219	DB	Û	Ű	Û	Û	л		Ϋ		Û	Û		Ū	Û	Û	Û
11011100	334	220	DC	Ü	Ü	Ü	Ü	м		ά		Ü	Ü		Ü	Ü	Ü	Ü
11011101	335	221	DD	Ý	Ý	Ŭ	Ũ	н		έ		İ	Ý		Ż	Ý	Ý	Ę
11011110	336	222	DE	Þ	Ţ	Ŝ	Ū	о		ή		Ş	Þ		Ž	Ŷ	Þ	Ț
11011111	337	223	DF	ß	ß	ß	ß	п		ί	‗	ß	ß	฿	ß	ß	ß	ß
Binary	Oct	Dec	Hex	-1	-2	-3	-4	-5	-6	-7	-8th	-9	-10	-11	-13	-14	-15	-16
11100000	340	224	E0	à	ŕ	à	-	р	ـ	ΰ	א	à	-	เ	ą	à	à	à
11100001	341	225	E1	á	á	á	á	с	ف	α	ב	á	á	แ	į	á	á	á
11100010	342	226	E2	â	â	â	â	т	ق	β	ג	â	â	โ	-	â	â	â
11100011	343	227	E3	ã	ă		ã	у	ك	γ	ד	ã	ã	ใ	ć	ã	ã	ă
11100100	344	228	E4	Ä	Ä	Ä	Ä	ф	ل	δ	ה	Ä	Ä	ไ	Ä	Ä	Ä	Ä
11100101	345	229	E5	å	ĺ	ċ	å	х	م	ε	ו	å	å	ๅ	å	å	å	ć
11100110	346	230	E6	æ	ć	ĉ	æ	ц	ن	ζ	ז	æ	æ	ๆ	ę	æ	æ	æ
11100111	347	231	E7	ç	ç	ç	į	ч	ه	η	ח	ç	į	็	ē	ç	ç	ç
11101000	350	232	E8	è	č	è	č	ш	و	θ	ט	è	č	่	č	è	è	è
11101001	351	233	E9	é	é	é	é	щ	ى	ι	י	é	é	้	é	é	é	é
11101010	352	234	EA	ê	ę	ê	ę	ъ	ي	κ	ך	ê	ę	๊	ź	ê	ê	ê
11101011	353	235	EB	ë	ë	ë	ë	ы	ً	λ	כ	ë	ë	๋	ė	ë	ë	ë
11101100	354	236	EC	ì	ě	ì	ė	ь	ٌ	μ	ל	ì	ė	์	G	ì	ì	ì
11101101	355	237	ED	í	í	í	í	э	ٍ	ν	ם	í	í	ํ	ķ	í	í	í
11101110	356	238	EE	î	î	î	î	ю	َ	ξ	מ	î	î	๎	ī	î	î	î
11101111	357	239	EF	ï	ď	ï	ī	я	ُ	ο	ן	ï	ï	๏	ļ	ï	ï	ï
Binary	Oct	Dec	Hex	-1	-2	-3	-4	-5	-6	-7	-8th	-9	-10	-11	-13	-14	-15	-16
11110000	360	240	F0	ð	đ		đ	№	ِ	π	נ	G	ð	๐	š	ŵ	ð	đ
11110001	361	241	F1	ñ	ń	ñ	ņ	ё	ّ	ρ	ס	ñ	ņ	๑	ń	ñ	ñ	ń
11110010	362	242	F2	O	ň	O	O	ђ	ْ	ς	ע	O	O	๒	ņ	O	O	O
11110011	363	243	F3	O	O	O	ķ	ѓ		σ	ף	O	O	๓	O	O	O	O
11110100	364	244	F4	O	O	O	O	є		τ	פ	O	O	๔	O	O	O	O
11110101	365	245	F5	O	O	G	O	ѕ		υ	ץ	O	O	๕	O	O	O	O
11110110	366	246	F6	ö	ö	ö	ö	і		φ	צ	ö	ö	๖	ö	ö	ö	ö
11110111	367	247	F7	÷	÷	÷	÷	ї		χ	ק	÷	ũ	๗	÷	ṫ	÷	ś
11111000	370	248	F8	O	ř	G	O	ј		ψ	ר	O	O	๘	ų	O	O	ű
11111001	371	249	F9	ù	ů	ù	ų	љ		ω	ש	ù	ų	๙	ł	ù	ù	ù
11111010	372	250	FA	ú	ú	ú	ú	њ		ϊ	ת	ú	ú	๚	ś	ú	ú	ú
11111011	373	251	FB	û	ű	û	û	ћ		ϋ		û	û	๛	ū	û	û	û
11111100	374	252	FC	ü	ü	ü	ü	ќ		ό		ü	ü		ü	ü	ü	ü
11111101	375	253	FD	ý	ý	ŭ	ũ	§		ύ	LRM	ı	ý		ż	ý	ý	ę
11111110	376	254	FE	þ	ţ	ŝ	ū	ў		ώ	RLM	ş	þ		ž	ŷ	þ	ț
11111111	377	255	FF	ÿ	˙	˙	˙	џ				ÿ	ĸ		'	ÿ	ÿ	ÿ
Binary	Oct	Dec	Hex	-1	-2	-3	-4	-5	-6	-7	-8th	-9	-10	-11	-13	-14	-15	-16

See also

• ISO 6937
• DEC Multinational Character Set
• Macintosh Roman (MacRoman)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://w3techs.com/technologies/history_overview/character_encoding
2. ↑ ISO / IEC 8859-1: 1998, p. 5

Web links

• Text: Unicode values ​​of the 8859 character sets