Ioannis Malachias

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Monument to Ioannis Malachias in Agios Kirykos

Ioannis Malachias ( Greek Ιωάννης Μαλαχίας , * 1876 in Xylosyrtis, municipality of Agios Kirykos ; † 1958 ) was a Greek doctor and in 1912 president of the short-lived Free State of Ikaria .

Life

Malachias studied medicine in Athens and Paris . During his studies in Athens he met Eleftherios Venizelos and became a follower of the Megali Idea . After returning to his home island Ikaria , which at that time belonged to the Ottoman Empire , he campaigned for the interests of the islanders, who elected him to the local Muhtar in 1907 . Among other things, he achieved through petitions to the Hohe Pforte that the ban on tobacco cultivation was lifted and the islanders received a new source of income. After the revolution of the Young Turks , the independence of the islands of the southern Sporades was restricted. In February 1910 the new governor of the Ottoman Empire began to curtail the rights of the Muhtare, and in 1911 they were finally deposed.

After the Italian occupation of the neighboring Dodecanese in the Italo-Turkish War , Malachias prepared an uprising against the Turkish garrison on Ikaria in July 1912. However, he was arrested on the evening of July 9th, the day the revolt was planned to start. Eight days later the island was liberated by the insurgents and Malachias, as chairman of the nine-member board of directors, was the first and only head of state of the five-month-old Free State.

Malachias continued to live in Agios Kirykos, where he ran a small hospital. After the Second World War he represented the Ikaria district in the Samos prefecture as a member of the Greek parliament .

literature

  • Anthony J. Papalas: Rebels and Radicals. Icaria 1600-2000. Bolchazy-Carducci, Wauconda IL 2005, ISBN 0-86516-606-4 , p. 96 ff.
  • Ioannis Zelepos : The island of Ikaria from July to November 1912: The uprising against Ottoman rule and the "Free State of Ikaria" up to the unification with Greece. In: Ioannis Vassis (Ed.): Readings. Festschrift for Athanasios Kambylis on his 70th birthday presented by students, colleagues and friends. de Gruyter, Berlin et al. 1998, ISBN 3-11-015894-9 , pp. 338-350.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ John Chrysochoos: Ikaria. Paradise in Peril. RoseDog Press, Pittsburgh PA 2010, ISBN 978-1-4349-8240-7 , p. 64.

Remarks

  1. ↑ on www.worldstatesmen.org and other Internet sources is given as the year of birth 1880, Anthony Papalas gives the year 1876 in his book

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Malachias, Ioannis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Μαλαχίας, Ιωάννης (elS)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Greek doctor and politician
DATE OF BIRTH 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Xylosyrtis, Agios Kirykos parish
DATE OF DEATH 1958