Iodine intolerance

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As Iodunverträglichkeit (including iodine allergy ), the fact is known that some people by skin contact or ingestion of iodine-containing substances with poisoning symptoms ( Iodismus react).

Symptoms of iodine intolerance are irritation of the skin and mucous membranes , runny nose , conjunctivitis , bronchitis , rash , headache and gastroenteritis .

root cause

The etiology of “iodism” has not been conclusively clarified. Excessive iodine overdoses affect the synthesis of thyroid hormones; However, the intolerance should also occur with low intake - for example with iodized table salt  . Furthermore, it is known, that latent (unnoticed) thyroid functions by sudden iodine intake acutely may deteriorate. Whether a real allergy to iodine exists independently of this is controversial. From an immunological point of view, the structure of inorganic iodine appears to be too small to have any allergenic effects at all. Allergies to x-ray contrast media containing iodine , however, are well known in medicine, although the iodine content is not the decisive factor here, but rather specific interactions between the larger, organic molecule and the immune system.

According to Japanese scientists (Hiroshi Shionoya et al.), Iodine -containing protein compounds with allergenic potential are formed when the body is exposed to iodine and there is a simultaneous lack of antioxidants .

It has repeatedly been suggested that there is a connection between increased iodine intake and autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland (see also Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease ); animal experiments have also shown that excessive iodine exposure accelerates and exacerbates the course of the disease, although a causal connection has not yet been established be properly clarified. There have been reports of people with autoimmune thyroid disease who notice a deterioration in their health from iodized salt and an improvement in a low-iodine diet, but this has not been objectified by clinical studies .

Substances containing iodine

In addition to iodine-containing drugs , food supplements and food additives - especially iodized table salt - and animal feed , some disinfectants also contain iodine. A naturally high iodine content is found in sea ​​fish as well as in seaweed and the products made from them, such as some gelling agents and binders .

literature

  • R. Hörmann: Thyroid Diseases. 4th, act. and exp. Edition. ABW-Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-936072-27-2 .
  • H. Lüllmann, K. Mohr u. a. (Ed.): Pharmacology and Toxicology. 14., compl. revised Edition. Thieme, Stuttgart / New York 1999, ISBN 3-13-368514-7 , p. 344.
  • C.-J. Estler (Ed.): Pharmacology and Toxicology. 5th, revised. and exp. Edition. Schattauer, Stuttgart / New York 2000, ISBN 3-7945-1898-5 , p. 514.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ uni-bonn-radiologie.de
  2. ↑ H. Shionoya, Y. Sugihara, K. Okano, F. Sagami, T. Mikami, K. Katayama: Studies on experimental iodine allergy: 1. Antigen recognition of guinea pig anti-iodine antibody. In: J Toxicol Sci . 29 (2), May 2004, pp. 131-136; doi: 10.2131 / jts.29.131 .
  3. ↑ H. Shionoya, Y. Sugihara, K. Okano, F. Sagami, T. Mikami, K. Katayama: Studies on experimental iodine allergy: 2. Iodinated protein antigens and their generation from inorganic and organic iodine-containing chemicals. In: J Toxicol Sci. 29 (2), May 2004, pp. 137-145; doi: 10.2131 / jts.29.137 .
  4. Jump up ↑ Y. Sugihara, H. Shionoya, K. Okano, F. Sagami, T. Mikami, K. Katayama: Studies on experimental iodine allergy: 3. Low molecular weight elicitogenic antigens of iodine allergy. In: J Toxicol Sci. 29 (2), May 2004, pp. 147-154; doi: 10.2131 / jts.29.147 .
  5. ↑ NR Rose, L. Rasooly, AM Saboori, CL Burek: Linking iodine with autoimmune thyroiditis. In: Environ Health Perspect . 107 Suppl 5, Oct 1999, pp. 749-752. PMID 10502541 .
  6. ↑ C. Ruwhof, HA Drexhage: Iodine and thyroid autoimmune disease in animal models. In: Thyroid. 11 (5), May 2001, pp. 427-436. PMID 11396701 .
  7. ↑ D. Cihakova, RB Sharma, D. Fairweather, M. Afanasyeva, NR Rose: Animal models for autoimmune myocarditis and autoimmune thyroiditis. In: Methods Mol Med. 102, 2004, pp. 175-194. PMID 15286386 .
  8. ↑ PM Schumm-Draeger: Iodine and thyroid autoimmunity. In: Journal for Medical Training and Quality in Health Care. Volume 98, Issue Supplement V, 04–2004, pp. 73–76 (4) (Abstract) ( Memento of the original from May 22, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / urbanfischer.isoftmedia.de