Iolaus (genus)
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Butterfly of the genus Iolaus on a Jatropha plant, Mozambique |
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| Huebner , 1819 |
Iolaus is a genus of butterflies ( butterflies ) from the family of Bläulinge (lycaenidae). It is named after Iolaos , the nephew and companion of the demigod Heracles .
Occurrence
The genus has its distribution in the Afrotropic , individual species such as Iolaus glaucus can also be found in North Africa and the Levant.
Although many butterflies of the genus are rarely found, they have an extremely large distribution area . Butterflies of the species Iolaus alienus, for example, can be found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, and the range of Iolaus diametra extends over almost a million square kilometers. For this reason the species of the genus count as hardly endangered despite their low abundance .
Systematics
Over a hundred species of the genus are known, including:
- Subgenus Iolaus Hübner, [1819]
- Iolaus bilineata Bethune-Baker, 1908
- Iolaus bolissus Hewitson, 1873
- Iolaus Carina Hewitson, 1873
- Iolaus eurisus (Cramer, [1780])
- Subgenus Epamera Druce, 1891
- Iolaus aemulus Trimen, 1895
- Iolaus aethes Clench, 1965
- Iolaus aethria Karsch, 1893
- Iolaus agnes Aurivillius, 1898
- Iolaus alienus (Trimen, 1898)
- Iolaus apatosa (Stempffer, 1952)
- Iolaus aphnaeoides Trimen, 1873
- Iolaus arborifera (Butler, 1901)
- Iolaus aurivillii Röber, 1900
- Iolaus australis Stevenson, 1937
- Iolaus bakeri (Riley, 1928)
- Iolaus bamptoni (Congdon & Collins, 1998)
- Iolaus banco Stempffer, 1966
- Iolaus bansana Bethune-Baker, 1926
- Iolaus belli Hewitson, 1869 (status unclear)
- Iolaus bellina (Plötz, 1880)
- Iolaus coelestis Bethune-Baker, 1926
- Iolaus congdoni (Kielland, 1985)
- Iolaus creta Hewitson, 1878
- Iolaus cytaeis Hewitson, 1875
- Iolaus diametra Karsch, 1895
- Iolaus djaloni Collins & Larsen, 1998
- Iolaus dubiosa (Stempffer & Bennett, 1959)
- Iolaus farquharsoni (Bethune-Baker, 1922)
- Iolaus flavilinea (Riley, 1928)
- Iolaus fontainei (Stempffer, 1956)
- Iolaus frater (Joicey & Talbot, 1921)
- Iolaus gemmarius (Druce, 1910)
- Iolaus glaucus Butler, 1886
- Iolaus handmani (Gifford, 1965)
- Iolaus helenae Henning & Henning, 1989
- Iolaus hemicyanus Sharpe, 1904
- Iolaus iasis Hewitson, 1865
- Iolaus jacksoni (Stempffer, 1950)
- Iolaus kelle Stempffer, 1967
- Iolaus laon Hewitson, 1878
- Iolaus leonis (Riley, 1928)
- Iolaus longicauda (Stempffer & Bennett, 1959)
- Iolaus maesa (Hewitson, 1862)
- Iolaus mafugae (Stempffer & Bennett, 1959)
- Iolaus mermis (Druce, 1896)
- Iolaus mimosae Trimen, 1874
- Iolaus mongiro Stempffer, 1969
- Iolaus moyambina (Stempffer & Bennett, 1959)
- Iolaus nasisii (Riley, 1928)
- Iolaus neavei (Druce, 1910)
- Iolaus nolaensis (Stempffer, 1951)
- Iolaus normani (Larsen, 1986)
- Iolaus nursei Butler, 1896
- Iolaus obscurus Aurivillius, 1923
- Iolaus penningtoni (Stempffer & Bennett, 1959)
- Iolaus pollux Aurivillius, 1895
- Iolaus pseudofrater Stempffer, 1962
- Iolaus pseudopollux Stempffer, 1962
- Iolaus sappirus (Druce, 1902)
- Iolaus scintillans Aurivillius, 1905
- Iolaus sciophilus (Schultze, 1916)
- Iolaus sibella (Druce, 1910)
- Iolaus sidus Trimen, 1864
- Iolaus silanus (Grose-Smith, 1889)
- Iolaus stenogrammica (Riley, 1928)
- Iolaus sudanicus Aurivillius, 1905
- Iolaus tajoraca Walker, 1870
- Iolaus umbrosa (Butler, 1886)
- Iolaus violacea (Riley, 1928)
- Subgenus Aphniolaus Druce, 1902
- Iolaus pallene (Wallengren, 1857)
- Subgenus Philiolaus Stempffer & Bennett, 1958
- Iolaus alcibiades Kirby, 1871
- Iolaus calisto (Westwood, 1851)
- Iolaus christofferi Collins & Larsen, 2003
- Iolaus ismenias (Klug, 1834)
- Iolaus laonides Aurivillius, 1898
- Iolaus likpe Collins & Larsen, 2003
- Iolaus Lukabas Druce, 1890
- Iolaus mane Collins & Larsen, 2003
- Iolaus newporti Larsen, 1994
- Iolaus paneperata Druce, 1890
- Iolaus parasilanus Rebel, 1914
- Iolaus poecilaon (Riley, 1928)
- Iolaus theodori Stempffer, 1970
- Iolaus vansomerei (Stempffer & Bennett, 1958)
- Subgenus Iolaphilus Stempffer & Bennett, 1958
- Iolaus aelianus Staudinger, 1891
- Iolaus alexanderi Warren-Gash, 2003
- Iolaus carolinae Collins & Larsen, 2000
- Iolaus gabunica (Riley, 1928)
- Iolaus henryi (Stempffer, 1961)
- Iolaus icipe Collins & Larsen, 1998
- Iolaus iulus Hewitson, 1869
- Iolaus jamesoni (Druce, 1891)
- Iolaus menas Druce, 1890
- Iolaus schultzei Aurivillius, 1905
- Iolaus shaba Collins & Larsen, 1995
- Iolaus trimeni Wallengren, 1875
- Subgenus Argiolaus Druce, 1891
- Iolaus aequatorialis (Stempffer & Bennett, 1958)
- Iolaus bergeri (Stempffer, 1953)
- Iolaus caesareus Aurivillius, 1895
- Iolaus cottrelli (Stempffer & Bennett, 1958)
- Iolaus crawshayi (Butler, 1901)
- Iolaus dianae Heath, 1983
- Iolaus iturensis (Joicey & Talbot, 1921)
- Iolaus Kayonza (Stempffer & Bennett, 1958)
- Iolaus lalos (Druce, 1896)
- Iolaus manasei (Libert, 1993)
- Iolaus maritimus (Stempffer & Bennett, 1958)
- Iolaus montana (Kielland, 1978)
- Iolaus ndolae (Stempffer & Bennett, 1958)
- Iolaus pamae Heath, 1994
- Iolaus silarus Druce, 1885
- Iolaus silas (Westwood, [1851])
- Iolaus stewarti Heath, 1985
- Subgenus Pseudiolaus Riley, 1928
- Iolaus lulua (Riley, 1944)
- Iolaus poultoni (Riley, 1928)
- Subgenus Tanuetheira Druce, 1891
- Iolaus timon (Fabricius, 1787)
- Subgenus Trichiolaus Aurivillius, 1898
- Iolaus mermeros (Mabille, 1878)
- Iolaus argentarius Butler, 1879
- Unknown subgenus
- Iolaus adorabilis Collins & Larsen, 2008
- Iolaus ofere Collins & Larsen, 2008
swell
literature
- Torben B. Larsen: The Butterflies of West Africa. Apollo, 2005.
Web links
Commons : Iolaus - collection of images, videos and audio files
- Entry for the genus Iolaus in the Global Lepidoptera Names Index
- Markku Savela: Information on species of the genus Iolaus on FUNET
- Bibliography on species of the genus Iolaus in the African Butterfly Database
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mark C. Williams: Afrotopical Butterflies: Common Afrotopical Species ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Entry on the species Iolaus diametra in the Red List of Endangered Species
