Iqma
The Iqāma ( Arabic إقامة 'Statement'; Turkish "kāmet" ) is the second call to prayer in Islamic worship after the adhān , which occurs inside the mosque in front of the already assembled prayer community immediately before the compulsory prayer . It is not directed outwards (for example over the minaret of a mosque or over loudspeakers). In addition, in contrast to the adhan, it is less emphasized and also recited more quickly.
text
The text of the Iqāma is identical to that of the Adhan of the Shiite faith, with the exception of the inset “the prayer has begun”.
| text | translation | Shafiʿites | Malikites | Hanafites | Hanbalites | Shiites |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allāhu akbar | God is great (greater than anything and like nothing) | 2x | 2x | 4x | 2x | 2x |
| Ašhadu an lā ilāha illā Llāh | I testify that there is no deity but God | 1x | 1x | 2x | 1x | 2x |
| Ashadu anna Muhammadan rasūlu Llāh | I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of God | 1x | 1x | 2x | 1x | 2x |
| Ašhadu anna ʿAlīyan walīyu Llāh | I testify that Ali is the governor of God | - | - | - | - | 2x |
| Haiya ʿalā ṣ-ṣalāh | Hurry to prayer | 1x | 1x | 2x | 1x | 2x |
| Ḥaiya ʿala l-falāḥ | Rush to salvation (bliss / success) | 1x | 1x | 2x | 1x | 2x |
| Ḥaiya ʿala ḫayri l-ʿamal | Hurry to the best action | - | - | - | - | 2x |
| Qad qāmati ṣ-ṣalāh | The prayer has started. | 2x | 1x | 2x | 2x | 2x |
| Allāhu akbar | God is great (greater than anything and like nothing) | 2x | 2x | 2x | 2x | 2x |
| Lā ilāha illā Llāh | There is no deity but God | 1x | 1x | 1x | 1x | 1x |
Position of the Iqāma from the perspective of religious history
The speaking of the Iqama is strongly recommended by the religious scholars (Arabic Sunna ), but not seen as a duty. As in the case of the Adhan , there is disagreement among European scholars as to whether this appeal goes back to the Christian Mass liturgy ( Carl Heinrich Becker ) or the Jewish blessings ( Eugen Wednesday ). There are studies by Carl Brockelmann on the use of the word Iqama .
See also
literature
- TW Juynboll: Iḳāma in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition Vol. III, p. 1057a.
- ʿAbd-ar-Raḥmān Ibn-Muḥammad al-Ǧazīrī: Islamic jurisprudence according to the four Sunni schools. 1. Modes of Islamic worship . Engl. Transl. Nancy Roberts. Fons Vitae, Louisville, KY, 2009. pp. 421-426.
Individual evidence
- ↑ This sentence is not found in the text of the Adhan.