Iskra (newspaper)
The Iskra ( Russian Искра - The Spark ) was an early revolutionary newspaper of the Social Democratic Party of Russia (RSDLP), which since 1900/01 for three years under the leadership of Lenin appeared. Their aim was to gather together the various currents of the labor movement in Russia and to create a common "awareness" platform.
history
In December 1900 the first edition of Iskra was printed as an organ of the RSDLP. However, as indicated by some sources, it did not appear on December 24, 1900, although it was completed in sentence and break . Printing was delayed and the first issue of the newspaper was not published until January 1901. Lenin had done the final editing of Iskra from Munich to Leipzig ; the first number of the sheet could appear. The printing took place in the printing house of Hermann Rau in Leipzig- Probstheida .
But the way there was not easy. Lenin prevailed by printing the newspaper in Germany , while Georgi Plekhanov favored Switzerland as the place of production. German Social Democrats helped Lenin, found him quarters and enabled him to find a printing house in Probstheida where the newspaper could be secretly set in Cyrillic letters. They also supported the illegal transport of the newspaper across the German-Russian border.
The leading article "The most urgent tasks of our movement" came from Lenin himself. The Iskra founded by Lenin was "not just any workers 'newspaper, but set itself the goal of gathering the most conscious sections of the Russian workers' movement around a Marxist program".
From 1901 to July 1903 a total of 44 issues of Iskra appeared. Numbers 2 to 21 were printed in Munich and those from 22 to 38 were printed in London in what is now the Marx Memorial Library . Lenin's well-known work What to do? (1902) also summarizes the newspaper's line of content.
After the Second Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1903, at which Lenin was elected party leader, the editors of Iskra - especially Plekhanov - sided with the party's minority group, the Mensheviks . Lenin then resigned from the editorial office and became a staunch opponent of the newspaper.
From 1956 to 1991, there was an Iskra memorial at the location of the print shop for the first issue in Leipziger Russenstrasse.
See also
Web links
- Article Iskra in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- Article Revolution from the printing press - The "Iskra" in Munich in the thematic dossier "We Bavarians are not Russians" - Munich and the Russian Revolution on osmikon, the research portal on Eastern, Central Eastern and Southeastern Europe
Individual evidence
- ↑ Julia Mensch: ISKRA. Essay on the use of empty space. September 2014.
- ↑ Erhard Hexelschneider: Does Lenin still spray "sparks"? In: Leipzigs Neue , October 11, 2014.