Israelite Religious Community Baden

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The Israelitische Religionsgemeinschaft Baden K.d.ö.R ( IRGB ) is a religious community in Baden that is divided into communities . The relationship between Baden-Wuerttemberg and the religious community was regulated in a state treaty and also results from the constitution (Art. 140 GG, 139 WRV), according to which the IRGB is considered to be fully incorporated, i.e. constitutional.

It is a member of the Central Council of Jews in Germany and today comprises ten communities with 5,200 members. The IRGB in Baden is subdivided into the Jewish communities of Emmendingen , Pforzheim , Baden-Baden , Freiburg , Heidelberg , Rottweil / Villingen-Schwenningen , Karlsruhe , Lörrach , Mannheim and Konstanz . A special feature applies to Villingen-Schwenningen and Rottweil : Both the Jewish community for Villingen-Schwenningen and Schwarzwald Baar eV, founded in November 2001, and the Israelite religious community in Rottweil , founded in December 2002, belong to the Israelite religious community of Baden, although Rottweil and parts of the city are located Villingen-Schwenningen are located in the Württemberg region . Before the Shoah, there were around 100 Jewish communities in Baden . A large number of communities were dissolved in the last decades of the 19th century as a result of the rural exodus and their assets were transferred to the Oberratskasse or the religious school and pension fund of the religious community.

The municipalities are no longer independent or (originally) autonomous. Already in the edict of 1809, the first constitution of the Israelite Religious Community of Baden, the communities were written as "subordinate to" the upper council; just as in all the following statutes of the religious community to this day the communities are organized as "subdivided" and powers, tasks and rights are derived from the religious community on them. According to this, the religious community, unlike the Jewish associations of other federal states, is not a "regional association of autonomous communities", but a religious community subdivided into communities (different until recently against the Administrative Court of June 20, 2008 and the Federal Administrative Court of January 8, 2009 the arbitration and Administrative court at the Central Council of Jews in Frankfurt). The religious community has the constitutional right to have its municipalities recognize or deny the public-law corporate form of the state (the latter case was based on the judgment of the VGH BW of June 20, 2008 with regard to the municipality of Konstanz).

history

In 1809, the Baden Israelite Religious Community was first established as a public corporation by means of a state edict. In 1862 there were 24,099 Jews in Baden. At that time the religious community was divided into 123 Jewish communities and many subsidiary communities in 221 locations. In 1933 there were still 20,617 Jews in Baden. On October 22, 1940, more than 6,000 Jews from Baden and the Saarland were deported to Camp de Gurs in the Wagner-Bürckel campaign .

The Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Konstanz sued the Jewish regional association in Baden in 2006 for the payment of subsidies both for community work and for the construction of the synagogue. The IRGB refused to pay and also claimed a piece of land that the city of Konstanz had donated to the Jewish community to build the new synagogue in Konstanz. In its decision of February 27, 2007, the 4th Senate of the Administrative Court of Baden-Württemberg (VGH) referred to the exclusive jurisdiction of the arbitration and administrative court at the Central Council of Jews in Germany for religious disputes. The religious community has the sovereign organizational power over the communities (judgment of the VGH Baden-Württemberg of June 20, 2006). Since November 9, 2016, the new synagogue for the Synagogue Community of Konstanz Kdö.R. built. Completion is scheduled for spring 2019.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Judgment of the Administrative Court of Baden-Württemberg from June 20, 2006
  2. ↑ a b Israelite Religious Community Baden (Oberrat) Kdö.R. Central Council of Jews in Germany , accessed on June 10, 2019 (as of 2017).
  3. ↑ Between the millstones of bureaucracy - The Jewish community of Villingen-Schwenningen relies on self-help. In: Jewish newspaper . March 28, 2008, archived from the original on March 28, 2008 ; accessed on June 10, 2019 .
  4. ↑ The Jewish community in Rottweil is independent. In: Alemannia Judaica . Retrieved June 10, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Hasgall: To finance the Israelite Religious Community (country Synagogue) and Jewish Religious Communities in Baden . G. Braun, 1920, p. 58 to 60 .
  6. ^ Jewish communities in Baden. Oberrat der Israelitische Religionsgemeinschaft (IRG) Baden, archived from the original on July 28, 2011 ; accessed on June 10, 2019 .
  7. ↑ The Jewish community has to resolve disputes "within the church". Administrative Court of Baden-Württemberg , March 6, 2007, accessed on June 10, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Synagogue building. Synagogue Community of Konstanz , accessed on June 10, 2019 .