Ivan Ivanovich the boy
Grand Duke Ivan Ivanovich , called the boy ( Russian Иван Иванович Молодой , scientific transliteration Ivan Ivanovič Molodoj ; * February 15, 1458 ; † March 7, 1490 ) was the eldest son and heir to the throne of Moscow Grand Duke Ivan III. (of the great). As a de facto co-ruler and general, he played an important role in the reign of Ivan III, but ultimately did not ascend the throne due to his untimely death at the age of 32.
Ivan the boy was born from Ivan III's first marriage. born with the daughter of the Prince of Tver , Maria . Due to the childlessness of his uncle Michael of Tver , he was later seen as a candidate for the royal throne of Tver . As early as 1468 he accompanied his father on a campaign against the Kazan Khanate . In 1477 Ivan III declared him. to his co-ruler. From this point on, Moscow coins were minted with the names of both rulers. In 1472 and 1477, while his father was campaigning against Novgorod , Ivan the Boy ruled Moscow .
In 1480 Ivan the Young was one of the Russian military leaders standing on the Ugra , which marked the final end of Tatar rule over Russia.
In 1483 Ivan the Young married Helena, the daughter of the Moldovan ruler Stefans the Great . In the same year their son Dmitri Ivanovich the grandson was born.
When Michael von Tver planned an alliance with the Polish-Lithuanian monarch against Moscow, Ivan the Young took part in a campaign by Ivan III in 1485. against Tver, from whom Michael was expelled. Ivan the Young then became Grand Duke of Tver, as a result of which the old rival principality was effectively dissolved in the new centralized Russian Empire , which had emerged after the defeat of Moscow in 1477 at the latest.
In 1489 Ivan the boy fell ill with an "illness in the legs", presumably gout . A Jewish doctor was ordered from Venice , but he could not do anything and was later executed for the unsuccessful healing. Ivan the boy died on March 7, 1490. There is also a hypothesis that Ivan was poisoned by Sofia Palaiologa , the second wife of Ivan III, who wanted to pave the way for her son Vasily to the throne. However, no sources support this hypothesis. Ivan the Boy was buried in the Archangel Michael Cathedral in Moscow's Kremlin .
Ivan III mourned the loss of his eldest son and, bypassing the primogeniture, declared Dmitri Ivanovich the grandson to be his heir apparent and co-ruler. In 1498 he was the first in Russia to undergo a coronation ceremony as tsar according to the Byzantine rite. In 1502, however, he fell out of favor due to the intrigues of the rival heir apparent party and spent the rest of his short life in dungeon. After the death of Ivan III. In 1505, Vasily ascended the throne after all.
Web links
literature
- Иван Иванович Молодой // Большая советская энциклопедия: [в 30 т.] / Гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. - 3-е изд. - М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1969–1978.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ivan Ivanovich the boy |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Moscow heir to the throne, Rurikide |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 15, 1458 |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 7, 1490 |