Polish Jewish community
The Jewish community in Polná (German Polna ), a Czech town in Okres Jihlava in the Vysočina region , was founded in the 16th century.
history
The first Jews settled in Polná in the 16th century. They worked as traders and in money lending. In the 1680s, the Jewish ghetto with two gates was set up, replacing a ghetto district created a few years earlier. Around 40 houses of Jewish residents were located around today's Karlsplatz.
In 1899 Polna hit the headlines when the Jewish journeyman shoemaker Leopold Hilsner (see: Hilsner case ) was sentenced to death for an alleged ritual murder of a Christian girl.
When most of the Jewish families had already left Polna and their houses had passed into Christian hands, the last rabbi in Polna, David Alt, left the place in 1920 .
During the German occupation in World War II , the remaining 40 Jews in Polna were deported to Theresienstadt and from there they were deported to the extermination camps, where they were murdered.
Community development
| year | Jews |
|---|---|
| around 1715 | about 50 families |
| around 1790 | about 90 families |
| 1811 | 87 families |
| 1830 | around 750 people |
| around 1850 | around 750 people |
| 1890 | 238 people |
| 1920 | 85 people |
| 1930 | 51 people |
| around 1940 | 40 people |
synagogue
graveyard
literature
- Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 3: Ochtrup - Zwittau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08079-6 ( online edition ).
Web links
Batelov | Brtnice | Jihlava | Polná | Puklice | Střítež u Jihlavy | Telč | Třešť | Větrný Jeníkov