Jewish cemetery (Barth)

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The Barth Jewish Cemetery is a Jewish cemetery in Barth in the Vorpommern-Rügen district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .

description

The cemetery is part of the municipal cemetery northeast of the Barther train station between L 21 and August-Bebel-Straße. The city acquired this area from the Barther parish in the 19th century. It should serve as a poor cemetery. Mainly non-Christian citizens should be buried there. In this respect, this place was popularly known as the "Jewish cemetery".

history

The cemetery dates from the time before 1835 according to the Prussian original table sheet (PUM). After that it was laid across from the Christian cemetery, but it already had its own chapel. So from the beginning it was not a distinctly Jewish cemetery and was not referred to as such in contemporary maps. As early as 1880, according to the measuring table (MTB), the cemetery had grown considerably. The opposite Christian cemetery at the St. Jürgen (Georg) Chapel had been abandoned and had already been partially built over, so that all burials took place in the now municipal cemetery. This turned it into a mixed cemetery, because it is not recorded that the Jewish citizens were buried separately.

Apparently, due to this mixed occupation of the cemetery, the facility was not desecrated during the Nazi era, and nothing was reported about it.

Today there are several memorial stones on the urban area of ​​the Barther Friedhof, mainly in memory of the many victims of National Socialism. There are countless graves of concentration camp prisoners, prisoners of war and forced laborers here. The graves must have been individually marked up until the 1950s. A memorial stone that exists today commemorates a burial place of 114 Soviet children of forced laborers who died here during the war years. Another stone bears the names of eight Polish men, and another commemorates the death of Italian slave laborers. Another boulder marks the resting place of 180 refugees and resettlers. In this row there is also a stone with an incorporated Star of David, which reminds of the Jewish Barther citizens buried here.

literature

  • Michael Brocke, Eckehard Ruthenberg, Kai Uwe Schulenburg: Stone and Name. The Jewish cemeteries in East Germany (New Federal States / GDR and Berlin). Institute Church and Judaism Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-923095-19-8 . (This source contains numerous inaccuracies and errors and is therefore only of limited scientific and historical suitability.)
  • “Memorials for the Victims of National Socialism”, Volume II, Bonn 2000
  • Martin Kaule: Baltic Sea Coast 1933–1945. Ch. Links 2011, ISBN 9783861536116 .
  • Barth. In: Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 3: Ochtrup - Zwittau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08079-6 ( online version ) (not evaluated).

Web links

Coordinates: 54 ° 21 '48.2 "  N , 12 ° 43' 49.7"  E