Jewish quarter Sušice
The Jewish quarter in Sušice (German Schüttenhofen), Okres Klatovy district in the south-west Bohemian region of Plzeňský kraj , Czech Republic , was built around the 16th century. From the objects that remind of the past of the Jews in the community, only two cemeteries remain, both of which are located outside the former ghetto.
history
The former Jewish ghetto is largely destroyed today. The Jews who lived here from the 16th century were only allowed to settle within the ghetto. This was mainly in the southern part of Judenstrasse (Czech Židovská ulice, later Vodičkova ulice, today Vodní ulice), where there were around 14 Jewish houses in 1837, and partly on Židovský rynk (German Jewish ring square, today Na Baště street) .
The Jews were only allowed to live in this area of the city allocated to them, which could only be reached through an entrance through the city wall fortifications, which was cordoned off. There were a number of special provisions. They were not allowed to leave their ghetto or trade in the community on Sundays or public holidays. Access to the rest of the city was also forbidden during the services, even the windows had to be kept closed during this time, as well as the shutters that faced the church. Sometimes the Jews had to mark their clothes with sewn-on yellow fabric so that they could be recognized from a distance.
There is hardly anything left of the Jewish quarter, the old ghetto. The former Jüdische Strasse was destroyed by a large fire in 1923, and mostly new buildings were built on the site of the Jewish houses, there are only a few houses left. The number of the Jewish population in Sušice decreased from the end of the 19th century, of the Jews who remained in the city, who were deported to concentration camps via Theresienstadt in 1942, only ten returned, and the dominant building of the last (in total the third) synagogue in Sušice in the ghetto was demolished in 1963. Only the two cemeteries, which are outside the former ghetto, can still be visited today.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kajetán Turek: History of the Jews in Schüttenhofen , in: Hugo Gold: The Jews and Jewish communities of Bohemia in the past and present , Jüdischer Buch- und Kunstverlag, Brünn / Prague 1934, pp. 587-593, online (digitized at the state library Upper Austria) on: digi.landesbibliothek.at / ...
- ↑ a b Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of Jewish communities in the German-speaking area , 3 volumes, Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08035-2 , keyword Schüttenhofen (Böhmen) , online at: jewische-gemeinden.de / ...
- ↑ Židovské památky , website of the city of Sušice, online at: susice-sumava.cz / ...
- ↑ a b Jiří Fiedler: Židovské památky v Čechách a na Moravě , keyword Sušice , online at: holocaust.cz / ...
- ↑ a b Židovské hřbitovy střední Šumavy - Stručné dějiny židů v Sušici , website of the city of Sušice, online at: mestosusice.cz / ...