Jacques Duclaux
Jacques Eugène Duclaux (born May 14, 1877 - July 13, 1978 ) was a French biochemist and chemist ( physical chemistry ).
Life
Like his father Émile Duclaux, Duclaux attended the Lycée Louis-le-Grand and the École normal supérieure (ENS) after winning first prize in physics at the nationwide Concours Generale for places at the elite universities. In 1898 he received the agrégation in physics. He then went on a trip around the world (especially in South America) from 1902 to 1904 with a scholarship from the Albert Kahn Foundation and received his doctorate on colloids on his return in 1904 in Paris . Afterwards he was a taxidermist for physiological chemistry at the ENS. During the First World War he researched poison gas as a lieutenant and received the Croix de Guerre. Then he was back at the Laboratory for Physiological Chemistry at ENS, whose director he became in 1930. He also worked at the Pasteur Institute , where he also became head of a laboratory, and was on the Council of the Solvay Institute from 1924 to 1930. In 1929 he became laboratory director at the newly founded Institut de biologie physico-chimique (IBPC) and from 1931 to 1948 he was professor of biology at the Collège de France .
He was an officer in the Legion of Honor and from 1939 a member of the Académie des Sciences . He was married twice, his first marriage to the doctor and radiologist Germaine Appell (daughter of the mathematician Paul Appell ), who also became a Knight of the Legion of Honor, and his second marriage to the German chemist Alma Dobry.
In 1977 he received the Lavoisier Medal. He founded the Société de chimie-physique.
Fonts
- La Chimie de la matière vivante, Félix Alcan, 1910
- Les Colloïdes, Gauthier-Villars, 1919; quatre rééditions.
- Leçons de chimie physique appliquée à la biologie professées au Collège de France par J. Duclaux, Paris, Hermann & Cie, 1934–1937.
- L'Homme devant l'univers, Flammarion, 1949.
- Chimie populaire à l'usage des curieux, Paris, Gauthier Villars, 1952.
- Colloïdes et gels, 1953.
- La Science de l'incertitude, Paris, Flammarion, 1959.
- Du chaos à l'homme, Paris, Albin Michel, 1969
literature
- Chapter on Duclaux in: Laurence Lestel: Itinéraires de chimistes: 1857–2007, 150 ans de chimie en France avec les présidents de la SFC, EDP Sciences 2008
Web links
- Information on Jacques Duclaux in the database of the Bibliothèque nationale de France .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Duclaux, Jacques |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Duclaux, Jacques Eugène (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French biochemist and chemist (physical chemistry) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 14, 1877 |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 13, 1978 |