Hunting horn
The hunting horn is a musical instrument belonging to the horn family from the group of brass instruments with a circularly wound brass tube. Hunting horns are originally used as signaling instruments ( signal horns ) in company hunts. In this way, commands and directions could be given at great distances. Today the hunting horn is part of the hunting tradition .
Musical classification
The modern hunting horns are also used as pure musical instruments (in tunings B or C). As with the military signal trumpets , these are mostly variants of the natural trumpet : Here, however, keys or valves are missing , the range is accordingly limited to about five tones.
History and types of hunting horns
Even in the early Middle Ages (800–1000) the hunting horn, which could be heard from afar, was popular and also sacred: no one except the authorized wearer was allowed to touch or blow it.
The Hifthorn , also Hiefthorn or locally tine , was probably the oldest hunting horn blown by ordinary hunters. It was worn on a horn shackle and was made of buffalo or bull horn.
The from Byzantium originating Olifant was blown in the 11th and 12th century by noblemen. It was made from an elephant's tooth, weighed about three to four kilograms and was carried on the right hip.
The parforce horn , also known as the trompe de chasse, is a large hunting horn with large coils of reeds and wide falls, which is mainly used in parforce hunting in France. The Sauerland half-moon is a sickle-shaped brass hunting horn that is still blown by bracken hunters today.
In contrast to larger horns that are worn on horn shackles or slung around the neck , the Clewing pocket horn can be carried in a jacket pocket.
In use today, as a smaller form of the hunting horn in German-speaking countries, the five-tone Fürst-Pless-Horn (or Pless-Horn ) in the key of B, which has only been popular since the 1880s.
See also
literature
- Ilse Haseder , Gerhard Stinglwagner : Knaur's large hunting dictionary . Augsburg 2000, ISBN 3-8289-1579-5 , p. 403.
- Wieland Ziegenrücker: General music theory with questions and tasks for self-control. Deutscher Verlag für Musik, Leipzig 1977. (Paperback edition: Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag / Musikverlag B. Schott's Sons, Munich / Mainz 1979, ISBN 3-442-33003-3 , p. 175).
