Jean Fautrier

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Jean Fautrier (born May 16, 1898 in Paris , † July 21, 1964 in Châtenay-Malabry , Hauts-de-Seine department ) was a French artist. He is considered to be one of the most important French exponents of the international Informel movement .

life and work

Jean Fautrier was born in Paris on May 16, 1898, from where he moved to London with his mother around 1907-1908 after his father, a London painter, died. In 1912 he was admitted to the Royal Academy of Arts , but left it again in 1915 to begin studying at the Slade School of Fine Art . In 1917 he was drafted into the French army. He was discharged from the army in 1919 after suffering a serious lung injury that developed into a chronic lung condition.

After stays in Anvers, Rouen, trips to Berlin, Dresden, Innsbruck, he returned to Paris in 1922 and moved into a studio on Montparnasse in 1923 . His first exhibitions were organized by Jeanne Castel , and Paul Guillaume signed him; he had his first solo exhibition in 1927 at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery . André Malraux got him the order in 1928 to illustrate Dante's Inferno for the Gallimard publishing house , but this did not materialize. With the onset of the global economic crisis, the sale of his paintings deteriorated. Fautrier withdrew to the South Tyrolean mountains by the end of the 1930s, certainly also because the climate was good for his lung disease and he was looking for artistic catharsis .

At the end of the 1930s he returned to Paris, which was later occupied by the Nazis , where he joined the Resistance . In 1943, after brief imprisonment by the SS , he fled to Châtenay with the help of Jean Paulhan . During this time he painted the hostages and met Jeannine Aeply. Her marriage resulted in two children. His artistic breakthrough came with the exhibition of the work Les otages in the René Drouion gallery in 1945. In the following years he mainly dealt with reproduction processes that enable maximum quality. In 1954, after he did not have the financial success he had hoped for with his Originaux Multiples , he began to paint again.

Fautrier's works are characterized by their deep, sometimes tragic seriousness, which in part emerges from the experiences of the Second World War (series of Otages - Geiseln). Fautrier's application of paint is unusually thick. The works created in this way - mostly depicting a single, barely recognizable object - are of an uncommon plasticity and density that enhances their strict character. One example is the painting L'homme qui est malheureux (44 × 59 cm) from 1947.

The Musée d'art moderne de la Ville de Paris has an extensive collection of works by Jean Fautrier from his estate. In 1959 Fautrier took part in documenta II in Kassel. In 1960 he and Hans Hartung received the Grand Prize at the Venice Biennale .

Jean Fautrier died on July 21, 1964, the day of the planned wedding to Jacqueline Cousin.

literature

  • Michel Ragon: Fautrier: douze reproductions. Fall, Paris 1957. ( Le musée de poche ).
  • Pierre Restany : Fautrier: 30 années de figuration informelle. Paris 1957.
  • André Verdet: Fautrier. Falaize, Paris 1958.
  • Palma Bucarelli: Jean Fautrier: pittura e materia. Il Saggiatore, Milan 1960. (Contains: Foreword by Giuseppe Ungaretti ; 16 color, 32 black and white illustrations and 700 reproductions).
  • Edwin Engelberts: Jean Fautrier: œuvre gravé, œuvre sculpté; essai d'un calatogue raisonné. Engelberts Gallery, Genève 1969.
  • Giorgio Galansino: Jean Fautrier: a Chronology of His Early Paintings (1921–1942). Univ. Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, Mich. 1973. [= Univ. Diss. Chicago, Ill. 1973].
  • Rainer Michael Mason: Jean Fautrier, printmaking: a new attempt at a catalog raisonné. With two contributions by Castor Seibel and Marcel-André Stalter. Stuttgart 1987. (French edition: Jean Fautrier, les estampes: nouvel essai de catalog raisonn. Cabinet des Estampes, Genève 1986, ISBN 2-8306-0029-0 ).
  • Pierre Cabanne: Jean Fautrier. Editions de la Différence, Paris 1988.
  • Yves Peyré: Fautrier, ou, Les outrages de l'impossible. Editions du Regard, Paris 1990, ISBN 2-903370-54-0 .
  • Robert Droguet: Fautrier 43 / Robert Droguet. Suivi des lettres de Jean Fautrier à Robert Droguet. L'Echoppe, Paris 1995, ISBN 284068053X .
  • Yve-Alain Bois, Rosalind E. Krauss: Formless: a User's Guide. Zone Books, New York, NY 1997, ISBN 0-942299-43-4 . (Original French title: L'informe . Exhibition catalog May 22 - August 26, 1996, Center Goerges Pompidou, Paris).
  • Jean Paulhan: Fautrier: Fautrier, the possessed; Correspondence. Verlag Gachnang & Springer, Bern / Berlin 2004, ISBN 978-3-906127-73-6 .
  • Wolfgang Sauré: Jean Fautrier - German and English influences on his work. Pro Business, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-939000-74-7 .
  • Michael Semff, Andreas Strobl (ed.): The presence of the line. A selection of recent acquisitions from the 20th and 21st centuries from the Staatliche Graphische Sammlung München. Pinakothek der Moderne March 19 to June 21, 2009, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-927803-46-6 .
  • Daniel Cremene: Jean Fautrier (1898-1964). Primitivism and haute pâte. Munich 2009 (= Master Thesis 2009, KU Eichstätt / LMU Munich).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sotheby’s London, May 2012 ex Gunter Sachs
  2. ↑ http://www.cosmopolis.ch/kunst/d0218/jean_fautrier_d00218.htm
personal data
SURNAME Fautrier, Jean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French painter
DATE OF BIRTH May 16, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH July 21, 1964
Place of death Châtenay-Malabry , Hauts-de-Seine department