Jean de Clermont
Jean de Clermont († September 19, 1356 near Poitiers ) was a lord of Chantilly and a marshal of France from the House of Clermont . He was a son of Raoul de Clermont († 1321) and a grandson of Marshal Guy I. de Clermont .
During the Hundred Years War , Clermont initially served in Normandy and Flanders in the wake of the Count of Eu . He then entered royal service and was appointed marshal by King John II in 1352 , replacing his previously fallen cousin, Marshal Guy de Nesle .
On September 19, 1356 Clermont was one of the commanding military leaders of the French in the Battle of Maupertuis near Poitiers . On the eve of the fight, Clermont is said to have advised the king present to take a defensive approach against the English under the " black prince ". The numerically inferior enemy should not be attacked, but starved by closing off all routes of retreat and thus forced to surrender. However, this proposal was rejected by Marshal d'Audrehem, who, following the commandment of knighthood, demanded an immediate attack. Finally, on the advice of William Douglas, the king decided to attack the main army on foot, as the area was not designed for a closed cavalry attack. However, the first attack on the English lines was to be carried out by three hundred knights, who were to be headed personally by the three commanders. Clermont and d'Audrehem are said to have quarreled while they were approaching the enemy, Clermont and Connétable de Brienne were killed in the hail of arrows before they had even reached the English ranks, d'Audrehem was taken prisoner.
Jean de Clermont was married to Marguerite de Mortagne, Vice Countess of Aunay, with whom he had a son of the same name. One of the Jeans brothers was Robert de Clermont, who, as Marshal of Normandy, was a follower of Dauphin Karl (King Charles V) . He was murdered on September 22, 1358 by the Parisians under Étienne Marcel in front of the Dauphin's eyes.
literature
- Barbara Tuchman : The Distant Mirror. The dramatic 14th century. Slightly abridged edition. Claasen, Düsseldorf 1980, ISBN 3-546-49187-4 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jean de Clermont |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Lord of Chantilly, Marshal of France |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 13th century or 14th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 19, 1356 |
| Place of death | Maupertuis near Poitiers |