Jervaulx Abbey
| Jervaulx Abbey | |
|---|---|
|
|
| location |
 United Kingdom of England
|
| Coordinates: | 54 ° 16 '1.5 " N , 1 ° 44' 16.3" W |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
306 |
| founding year | 1147 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1537 |
| Mother monastery | Byland Abbey |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
Jervaulx Abbey is the ruin of a Cistercian abbey in England . It is located in the county of North Yorkshire around 8 km northwest of Masham, in Wensleydale .
history
The monastery was founded in 1145 in Fors near Aysgarth by Akarius FitzBardolf as a daughter monastery of the later Byland Abbey , which was not yet moved away from Calder Abbey , and joined the Cistercian order in 1147 with the congregation of Savigny Monastery in France; so it belonged to the filiation of the Clairvaux Primary Abbey . The monastery, known for its horse breeding, was moved to Jervaulx (Jor vale, valley of the Jor ) in 1156 . In 1279 the abbot Philip was murdered by one of the monks. Jervaulx is considered to be the origin of Wensleydale cheese . The monastery was confiscated in 1537, the abbot Adam Sedbar and a monk were shot and the church was blown up. Part of the monastery building was demolished. Parts of the equipment ended up in the church of Aysgarth. The ruins of the monastery, now owned by the Burdon family, have been extensively preserved.
Plant and buildings
Construction of the complex began shortly before 1156 and was completed around 1220. The style represents the transition from Romanesque (Norman) to Early Gothic (Early English), but the infirmarium is only from the 13th century and the outbuildings in the south-east partly date to the 15th century. From the church, a cross-shaped complex with 10 bays in the approximately 50 m (162 feet) long nave, a transept with two side chapels on each side and a rectangular, 64 foot long and 63 foot wide four-bay choir with a gallery, only low wall remains have been preserved . The southern transept still shows remains of the dormitory stairs. To the south of the east facing church are the ruins of the cloister corresponding to the regular plan, the arcade of the cloister has been partially rebuilt. The originally rib-vaulted chapter house from the early 13th century, located six steps below the cloister, had nine (partly rebuilt) columns. It was followed by the vaulted parlatorium. The monks' dormitory lay over these rooms. The abbot's house has largely been preserved. The remains of the gatehouse are in the southwest of the monastery complex.
literature
- WRB / ISB: Jervaulx Abbey, nr Ripon, North Yorkshire. sn, sl 1985, with a detailed floor plan.
- WH St. John Hope, H. Brakspear: Jervaulx Abbey. In: The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. Vol. 21, Part 83, 1911, ISSN 0084-4276 , pp. 303-344
- Anthony New: A guide to the Abbeys of England and Wales. Constable & Company, London 1985, ISBN 0-09-463520-X , pp. 215-217.
- Nikolaus Pevsner : Yorkshire, The North Riding. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth 1996, ISBN 0-14-071029-9 , pp. 203-205 ( The Buildings of England ).
