Jesuit College Goslar

Matthäus Merian's view of the city of Goslar in the Topographia Germaniae (1653) shows the New Jesuit Collegium (13) north of the Palatinate district (8: Collegiate Church of St. Simon and Judas ; 10: Palatinate building ; 12: Church of Our Lady ).

The Jesuit College Goslar was a branch of the Jesuit Order in Goslar with a college under construction . It was created as a result of the Edict of Restitution in 1630 and dissolved before the Swedes invaded in 1632. The unfinished college building collapsed in 1722.

history

The Edict of Restitution of Emperor Ferdinand II of March 6, 1629 ordered the restoration of the confessional estates of 1552 against the opposition of the Protestant imperial estates . The implementation of the controversial and complicated measure began in Goslar at the beginning of 1630 in such a way that the buildings and income of the Imperial Palatinate and the Palatinate Foundation as well as income from the St. Peter's Foundation , the Wöltingerode Monastery and other monasteries were awarded to the Jesuits for the purpose of establishing a college and building one University. Despite fears of compulsory re-Catholicization , there were strong forces in the council and in the guilds who saw the economic benefits of the plan for the heavily indebted city.

The first Jesuits came to Goslar in January, and on January 8th ^July./ January 18, 1630 ^greg.Catholic worship was solemnly reintroduced in the collegiate church of St. Simon and Jude. The Jesuit convent first found accommodation in the Frankenberg monastery and then moved into the north wing of the imperial house (palace building). In order to set up and finance the college and novitiate , the order demanded additional buildings and sources of money from church property, which, however, met with resistance. The construction of the new college building in the northern part of the historic Palatinate district was managed by the Jesuits themselves, who had the necessary specialists. By order of the council, Goslar citizens' sons were obliged to serve as henchmen.

The city's Lutheran clergy were concerned about the attraction of the lavishly celebrated Catholic liturgy and there were public disputes, for example in St. Stephani , where the Lutheran deacon Johannes Theodorici was so violently challenged by a Jesuit who was present after an afternoon sermon against the veneration of saints that he died a little later as a result of the horror.

When the Swedes under Gustav Adolf stood at the gates in January 1632 , the Jesuits and other Catholic convents fled the city. Those who stayed behind had to endure severe abuse. The Swedish period - until October 1635 - went down in the records of Lutheran chroniclers as the darkest chapter in the city's history.

literature

Heinrich Kloppenburg : The Jesuits in Goslar . In: Journal of the Harz Association for History and Archeology, 39th year, Wernigerode 1906, pp. 145–166

Individual evidence

↑ Kloppenburg, p. 166
^ Kloppenburg, p. 160, quoted as the source Johann Michael Heineccius , who names the deacon Andreas Theodorici ; in the case of Heineccius, however, there seems to be a confusion of first names, because the deacon of St. Stephani Andreas Theodorici died in 1601; The deacon Johannes Theodorici died in 1632, cf. Kurt Hasselbring and Joachim Salzwedel: The Stephanikirche zu Goslar and its history , Goslar 1983.

51.90351 10.425126Coordinates: 51 ° 54 ′ 12.6 " N , 10 ° 25 ′ 30.5" E

[1] Kloppenburg, p. 166

[2] Kloppenburg, p. 160, quoted as the source Johann Michael Heineccius , who names the deacon Andreas Theodorici ; in the case of Heineccius, however, there seems to be a confusion of first names, because the deacon of St. Stephani Andreas Theodorici died in 1601; The deacon Johannes Theodorici died in 1632, cf. Kurt Hasselbring and Joachim Salzwedel: The Stephanikirche zu Goslar and its history , Goslar 1983.