Jesus Christ, our Savior, who turned away the wrath of God from us
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Jesus Christ, our Savior, who turned the wrath of God from us is a Lutheran hymn for the Lord's Supper . The text is from Martin Luther . The melody is based on a late medieval style. The original ten-stanza song is contained in an eight-stanza version - without Luther's stanzas 3 and 6 - in the Evangelical Hymnal (No. 215).
Emergence
The song is documented for the first time in several prints from 1524 and is likely to have been written by Luther in the spring of the same year as part of his first hymns as a memorable catechesis for the Lord's Supper.
For this, Luther resorted to the late medieval Latin Eucharist hymn Jesus Christ, nostra salus ; The oldest surviving manuscript was created in 1410 in the Hohenfurth Abbey in South Bohemia . Text and melody were disseminated through the Bohemian Brothers ; the text - an acrostic of the name Johannes in the first eight stanzas - was considered to be the work of Johannes Hus and was therefore particularly valued in the early days of the Reformation. All early prints of Luther's song are entitled Das Lied S. Johannes Hus gebessert , with the S [ankt] Hus denoting the martyrs and saints of the Reformation. Today the Latin hymn, which moves completely, with sometimes literal echoes, in the tracks of the Corpus Christi hymns of Thomas Aquinas , is considered the work of Prague Archbishop Johann von Jenstein († 1400).
shape
Like the original, Luther's text comprises ten stanzas of four Trochaic lines each . Deviating from the original, however, he allows the third and fourth lines to rhyme male and shortens the third line from eight to seven syllables. The irregularly distributed elevations make the text with the melism-rich melody difficult to sing in places.
content
Despite the explicit reference to the Latin model, Luther's song is, apart from the form and the first line, a completely new creation. Luther does not focus on the mystery of the bodily presence of Christ in the sacrament - he simply establishes this in stanza 2 in order to immediately move on to the act of receiving the Lord's Supper - but the salutary meaning for believers . With the words of Jesus ( Mt 9.12 EU ) and the Apostle Paul ( 1 Cor 11.27-29 EU ), he is admonished in ever new attempts to come to the Lord's table as a repentant sinner and to forego any attempt at self-redemption. The last stanza describes the consequence of receiving the sacrament: to become "palatable" as God allows himself to be enjoyed.
Text in use today
Jesus Christ, our Savior,
who turned the wrath of God from us,
through the bitter suffering he
helped us out of the torment of hell.
So that we never forget, he
gave us his body to eat,
hidden in bread so small,
and to drink his blood in wine.
You are to praise God the Father
that he willingly feed you
and that he gave you
his son to die for your iniquity .
Thou shalt believe, and not wavering,
that there is food for the sick,
whose hearts are heavy with sins
and grieved with fear.
He himself says: “Come, poor people,
let me have mercy on you;
The strong man does not need a doctor,
his art even becomes a mockery of him.
Could you have acquired anything,
what do I need for you to die?
This table does not apply to you either,
if you want to help yourself. ”
If you
believe this from the bottom of your heart and confess with
your mouth,
then you are very well sent
and the food refreshes your soul.
The fruit should not fail either:
you should love your neighbor so
that he can enjoy yours,
as your God has done for you.
melody
The melismatically swaying Doric without bar structure is unmistakably medieval, even in the version of the Reformation period. It was in the Baroque period u. a. arranged for the organ by Franz Tunder , Nicolaus Hasse , Johann Pachelbel and especially Johann Sebastian Bach (organ chorals BWV 665, 666, 688 and 689). In the 20th century, Hugo Distler dedicated an organ partita to the song.
literature
- Wilhelm Lucke: Jesus Christ, our Savior, who turns the wrath of God from us . In: D. Martin Luther's works. Critical Complete Edition , Volume 35, Weimar 1923, pp. 142–146 ( digitized version ).
- Robin A. Leaver: Jesus Christ our Savior (English). In: Ders .: Luther's Liturgical Music , Grand Rapids MI 2007, pp. 153–160 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- Gerhard Hahn, Helmut Lauterwasser: 215 - Jesus Christ, our Savior, who turns God's wrath from us . In: Martin Evang, Ilsabe Seibt (Hrsg.): Liederkunde zum Evangelischen Gesangbuch . No. 21 . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-525-50344-7 , pp. 15–22 , doi : 10.13109 / 9783666503443.15 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
Web links
- Free scores of Jesus Christ our Savior, who Wandt the wrath of God from us in the Choral Public Domain Library - ChoralWiki (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ The beginning of the song is quoted in two lines to distinguish it from Luther's Easter song Jesus Christ, our Savior, who overcame death (EG 102).
- ↑ Leaver, p. 154
- ↑ Text with minor differences in Lucke and Leaver
- ↑ Middle High German and Early New High German “du wilt” for New High German “you will” ( Middle High German trainer ( memento of the original from May 24, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link accordingly Instructions and then remove this note. ), Retained here for the sake of rhyme
- ↑ The original prints have “so bistu”.
- ↑ Yves Kéler ( Memento of the original from December 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
