Johann Heinrich Schulz

Johann Heinrich Schulz (* 1739 ; † 1823 ) was a German Lutheran pastor who was known as Zopfschulz, Zopfschulze or Zopfprediger .

education and profession

Schulz studied in Halle (Saale) from 1758 to 1761 and later became a teacher in Berlin . In 1765 he was appointed preacher in Gielsdorf , Wilkendorf and Hirschfelde by the landlords there, where he worked for 26 years. During the sermon he refrained from wearing the usual wig and showed himself bareheaded with a plait, which gave him the nickname Zopfschulze u. brought in.

He published numerous anonymous writings.

Pigtail process

In 1791 he was suspended from service for violating the Wöllner religious edict of July 9, 1788 by King Friedrich Wilhelm II . However , on May 21, 1792, Schulz's appeal to the Berlin Court of Appeal decided that Schulz was not allowed to remain in office as a Lutheran, but as a spiritual preacher. On the day of the decision, Friedrich Wilhelm II ordered the preacher to be dismissed. The king asked for the names of those judges who had voted for Schulz and had penalties imposed on them in the form of wages and salaries, which were later lifted by pardon. This encroachment on judicial independence is viewed as a step backwards compared to the progressive development since 1779, in which the Müller-Arnold trial took place.

Friedrich Wilhelm III. 1798 allowed a revision of the process in which the violation of the religious edict was confirmed. The king guaranteed Schulz a lifelong supply, whereupon he found employment as an inspector in the royal factory department, and according to other sources as a crockery writer at the porcelain factory in Berlin .

In 1808 Schulz was retired.

literature

Leopold Volkmar : Religious process of the preacher Schulz zu Gielsdorf called Zopfschulz, a light friend of the 18th century. Philipp Reclam jun., Leipzig 1846

Gustav Frank: Schulz, Johann Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 32, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, pp. 745-747.

Johannes Tradt: The religious trial against the Zopfschulzen (1791-1799): A contribution to the Protestant compulsory teaching and teaching discipline in Brandenburg-Prussia towards the end of the 18th century. Peter Lang, Frankfurt a. M. etc. 1997, ISBN 978-3-631-30866-0

Martin Mulsow : Deism. Radical criticism of religion. In: The Philosophy of the 18th Century. Vol. 5, ed. by Helmut Holzhey and Vilem Mudroch, Basel: Schwabe 2014, pp. 345–369, here pp. 362–364.

Individual evidence

^ Eberhard Schmidt: Court of Justice and the rule of law. Walter de Gruyter Co., Berlin 1968, pp. 31-32.
↑ Edgar Bauer: Bruno Bauer and his opponents. Berlin 1842, p. 144 (quoted from Martin Hundt : The change of editorial letters for the Hallische, German and Franco-German yearbooks (1837–1844). Volume 1. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-05-004513-9 , p . 1122, footnote 2).

personal data
SURNAME	Schulz, Johann Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Pigtail
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German Lutheran pastor
DATE OF BIRTH	1739
DATE OF DEATH	1823

[1] Eberhard Schmidt: Court of Justice and the rule of law. Walter de Gruyter Co., Berlin 1968, pp. 31-32.

[2] Edgar Bauer: Bruno Bauer and his opponents. Berlin 1842, p. 144 (quoted from Martin Hundt : The change of editorial letters for the Hallische, German and Franco-German yearbooks (1837–1844). Volume 1. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-05-004513-9 , p . 1122, footnote 2).