Juliusz Osterwa

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Juliusz Osterwa actually Julian Andrzej Maluszek (born June 23, 1885 in Krakow , † May 10, 1947 in Warsaw ) was a Polish theater director and actor.

Osterwa, who came from a poor background, came to the Volkstheater in Krakow in 1904 without having completed school . There Leon Schiller persuaded him to take the name Juliusz Osterwa. In 1906 he made his debut as a director in Poznan and was one of the audience favorites as an actor there. Over the next few years he became the highest paid and most popular actor in Poland. During the First World War he worked as a director at the Polish theaters in Moscow and Kiev. After the First World War, when Poland gained its independence, Osterwa founded the first Polish theater laboratory Reduta in Warsaw and developed new theater forms that were comparable to the theatrical innovations of German directors such as Erwin Piscator or Leopold Jessner , who were working in Berlin at the same time . In his theater there was no longer any separation between the stage and the audience.

In 1925 he moved his theater and institute to Vilna . In Vilnius he developed his productions and then sent his ensemble on tours all over Poland. From 1931 until the outbreak of World War II in 1939, he worked with the so-called third Reduta again in Warsaw. After the war he opened the Teatr Słowackiego theaters in Kraków and Teatr Polski in Warsaw with his productions.