Junker yards and Junker gardens

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The Junkerhöfe and Junker gardens were the venues of the (bourgeois) Junkers in Königsberg i. Pr. .

Junker

In the Middle Ages, Junkers was understood to mean the upper bourgeoisie - the merchants and malt brewers - as opposed to the petty bourgeoisie . It was not until the Renaissance that the name was transferred to the knights and officials in the service of the duke. The Junkers of the Middle Ages, the upper bourgeoisie, were a caste of their own. They had their own Junkerhof, where they met and celebrated parties. In the Junker yards and Junker gardens everything was regulated by ordinances . Every guild had its place, its “corner”. In contrast to the Junker gardens are the communal gardens . Structurally, the courtyard was mostly connected to the town hall of the old town (Königsberg) , Kneiphof or Löbenicht .

history

The Löbenicht Junker Garden was on Krönchenstrasse.

The old town Junkerhof was in the Wassergasse. He was first attested in 1344. The garden was on the site of the later Körte Lyceum. The merchants sat in the Hölkenwinkel, named after their Holken . There was a statue of Saint Sebastian there . The malt brewers sat in the Kannenwinkel. The figure of Moses stood in the Schöffenwinkel , in the knight's corner that of St. George . 1544 - the year the Albertus University was founded  - and 1710 the old town Junkerhof was rebuilt. In 1766 the custom of throwing dice on the fair ox decorated with ribbons and wreaths ceased . In 1798 the first performance of Figaro's wedding took place here .

The statutes of the newly created Kneiphöfischer Junkergarten were drawn up in 1442. In 1614 a new Kneiphöfische Junkergarten ordinance was issued. In 1704 the Junkersaal was built in the Junkerhof. The stucco was from the brothers Johann and Matthias Poertzel . In 1833 the 20th anniversary of the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig took place in the Junkerhof . 135 campaigners were present. In 1840 Friedrich Wilhelm IV. And Elisabeth Ludovika von Bayern were entertained by the merchants in the summer exchange of the Kneiphöfischen Junkergarten. The Kneiphöfische Junkerhof was demolished in 1872. The city ​​council met in the new hall until 1945 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt : Königsberg from A to Z. A city dictionary , 2nd edition. Munich 1976, ISBN 3761200927
  2. ↑ Hermann Frischbier: Prussian Dictionary (1883)