King of Saudi Arabia
| King of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | |
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Current King Salman ibn Abd al-Aziz since January 23, 2015 |
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| Creation of office | September 22, 1932 |
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Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (formally) His Majesty (in diplomatic correspondence) |
| Deputy | Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia |
| Official | List of the kings of Saudi Arabia |
The King of Saudi Arabia is the absolute monarch of Saudi Arabia who acts as head of state and government . He is head of the royal family of Saudi Arabia, the House of Saud . The king is called the keeper of the two holy places . ( خادم الحرمين الشريفين), a title that denotes the Saudi Arabian jurisdiction over the mosques al-Masjid al-Haram in Mecca and al-Masjid an-Nabawī in Medina and replaced the name Majesty in 1986 .
history
King Abdulaziz ibn Saud began the conquest of what is now Saudi Arabia in 1902 by restoring his family as the Emir of Riyadh. Then he first conquered the Najd . (1922) and then the Hejaz (1925).
In 1921, shortly before the end of the conquest of the region, Ibn Saud proclaimed his rule over the Sultanate of Najd . He was proclaimed King of the Hejaz in 1926 and also made Najd a kingdom in 1927. For the next five years Ibn Saud administered the two parts of his empire as separate entities. In 1932 he formally united his territories to form the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Succession
Since Ibn Saud's death, kings have only been the birth sons of the founder of the state. All potential successors of the reigning King Salman must come from among his descendants. It is part of the state doctrine that the sons of Ibn Saud have the main claim to the throne of Saudi Arabia, but no clear succession is defined. This clearly distinguishes the Saudi monarchy from Western monarchies, which usually have large, clearly defined royal families and succession arrangements and apply the system of absolute primogeniture. Muhammad bin Nayif was the first grandson of Ibn Saud to be in the line of succession before he was deposed from the position of Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia by royal decree in 2017.
Legal system
Saudi Arabia is subject to Islamic law in its Hanbali - Wahhabi form and sees itself as an Islamic state.
Other functions
The King of Saudi Arabia is also considered the head of the House of Saud and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia. The Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia is also Deputy Prime Minister. The kings after Faisal have always named a second deputy prime minister as a later heir after the crown prince.
Royal standard
The royal standard consists of a green flag with an Arabic inscription and a sword in white color and the coat of arms of Saudi Arabia embroidered in gold in the lower right corner.
The script is written in Thuluth script . It is the Shahada , the Islamic creed:
لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله
- lā ilāha illā llāh, muḥammadun rasūlu llāh
- There is no other god than God, Muhammad is the Messenger of God.
Timeline of the Kings
Individual evidence
- ↑ Angel Rabasa, Cheryl Benard, Peter Chalk, C. Christine Fair, Theodore W. Karasik: The Muslim World After 9/11 . Rand Corporation, 2004, ISBN 978-0-8330-3712-1 ( google.de [accessed April 19, 2020]).
- ↑ About Saudi Arabia: Facts and figures . The Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia, Washington DC Archived from the original on April 17, 2012. Retrieved on April 24, 2012.