Kingdom of Jaffna

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யாழ்ப்பாண அரசு
Kingdom of Jaffna
1215-1624
Motto : One for Tamil All for Tamil
Official language Tamil
Capital Navaly
Form of government monarchy
Head of state , also head of government king

Kulingai (1215–1255)
Chandrabhanu (1255–1262)
Kulasekara (1262–1284)
Kulotunga (1284–1292)
Vickrama (1292–1302)
Varodaya (1302–1325)
Martanda (1325–1347)
Gunabhooshana (1347–?)
Virodaya ( ? –1380)
Jeyaveera (1380–1410)
Gunaveera (1410–1440)
Kanakasooriya (1440–1450)
Sapumal (1450–1467)
Kanakasooriya (1467–1478)
Pararasasegaram (1478–1519)
Cankili I (1519–1561)
Puviraja Pandaram ( 1561–1665)
Periyapillai (1565–1582)
Puviraja II. (1582–1591)
Ethirimana Cinkam (1591–1616)

Cankili II (1617-1619)

The Kingdom of Jaffna ( Tamil .: யாழ்ப்பாண அரசு) existed from 1215 to 1624 AD in the north and east of present-day Sri Lanka . The capital was Nallur .

Historical background

The arrival of the Portuguese on the island of Sri Lanka in 1505 and the strategic location on the Palk Strait , which connects all the Sri Lankan kingdoms with southern India , created political problems as regards the independence of the empires. Many of the island kings eventually made peace with the Portuguese colonial rulers. In 1617 Cankili II , an heir to the throne of the Kingdom of Jaffna, defended himself against the Portuguese colonial power and was defeated. The independence of the empire came to an end in 1619.

religion

The Shaivism in Sri Lanka has its origins in the early days of the colonization of the island of South India. During the Chola Period in Sri Lanka around the 9th and 10th centuries, Hinduism became the official religion of the island kingdom.

As the state religion who enjoyed Shaivism all privileges during the establishment of the Kingdom. The Aryacakravarti dynasty was aware of its responsibility and duties as the patron of Shaivism , including the protection of the temple of Rameswaram , which is sacred to the Hindus.

architecture

There have been great cultural influences from South India on the art and architecture of Jaffna at various times. The Madurai style was dominant throughout the kingdom. However, no sacred buildings of this type survived the destruction during the time of the Portuguese occupation.

gallery

  • Nallur Kandasamy Temple

  • Cankilian Toppu - The facade of the palace of Cankili II.

  • location

literature

  • KM de Silva: A history of Sri Lanka . Vijitha Yapa Publications, Colombo 2008, ISBN 978-955-8095-92-8 , pp. 782 .
  • Tikiri Abeysinghe: Jaffna under the Portuguese . Stamford Lake, Pannipitiya 2005, ISBN 955-1131-70-1  ( formally incorrect ) , p. 66 .
  • K. Kunarasa: The Jaffna Dynasty. Vijayakalingan to Narasinghan . Dynasty of Jaffna King's Historical Society, Colombo 2003, ISBN 955-8455-00-8 , pp. 122 .
  • Swamy Gnanaprakasar: YAL ppāṇa vaipava vimarcan on Tamil. Ukam Aracar . Asian Educational Services, New Delhi 2003, ISBN 81-206-1686-3 , pp. 122 (Tamil, first edition: 1928, English title A Critical History of Jaffna ).
  • S. Pathmanathan: The Kingdom of Jaffna. Origins and early affiliations . Ceylon Institute of Tamil Studies, Colombo 1974, p. 27 .
  • Murugar Gunasingam: Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism . MV, Sydney 1999, ISBN 0-646-38106-7 , pp. 238 .
  • Vasantha Nadarajan: History of Ceylon Tamils . Vasantham, Toronto 1999, pp. 146 .
  • HW Coddrington: Short History of Ceylon . AES, New Delhi 1994, ISBN 81-206-0946-8 , pp. 290 .
  • Henry Parker: Ancient Ceylon: An Account of the Aborigines and of Part of the Early Civilization . Luzac & Co., London 1909, LCCN  81-909073 , p. 695 .
  • HW Tambiah: Laws and customs of Tamils ​​of Jaffna (revised edition) . Women's Education & Research Center, Colombo 2001, ISBN 955-9261-16-9 , pp. 259 .
  • Brian Pfaffenberg: The Sri Lankan Tamils . Westview Press, Boulder 1994, ISBN 0-8133-8845-7 , pp. 247 .
  • Matakal Mayilvakanap Pulavar: The Yalpana Vaipava Malai, or The History of the Kingdom of Jaffna . Asian Educational Services, New Delhi 2007, ISBN 978-81-206-1362-1 , pp. 146 (first edition: 1884).
  • Chelvadurai Manogaran: The untold story of the ancient Tamils ​​of Sri Lanka . Kumaran, Chennai 2000, pp. 81 .
  • Mudaliyar Rasanayagam: Ancient Jaffna, being a research into the History of Jaffna from very early times to the Portuguese Period . Asian Educational Services, New Delhi 2003, ISBN 81-206-0210-2 , pp. 390 (first edition: Madras 1926).
  • HW Coddrington: Ceylon Coins and Currency . Vijitha Yapa, New Delhi 1996, ISBN 81-206-1202-7 , pp. 290 .
  • Patrick Peebles: The History of Sri Lanka . Greenwood Press, Westport, Conn. 2006, ISBN 0-313-33205-3 , pp. 248 .

Web links