Cap hammer
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Cap bunting ( Emberiza melanocephala ), male |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Emberiza melanocephala | ||||||||||||
| Scopoli , 1769 |
The cap bunting ( Emberiza melanocephala ) is a bird of the family of bunting (Emberizidae). The brown-headed bunting ( E. bruniceps ) is often described as a subspecies of the cap bunting , as the two species are very closely related. The brown pebble is found in Asia , and in border areas there is often a mixture of the two species.
description
The male is characterized by a black head, a yellow chest band and a yellow, non-striped underside. The back is maroon and the tail does not contain white. In June to July, the male experiences a partial moult, after which it has a brown head in autumn and resembles the female. Only in November to December does it come to the full moult, which restores the breeding dress.
The female has a brown head and a more matte, olive-brown top. It differs from the females of other bunting by its unstriped underside. The male of the cap bunting can only be distinguished from the very similar brown-headed bunting by the black cap. The females of both species are outwardly indistinguishable. With a length of 16.5 cm, the cap sparrow is about the size of a house sparrow .
distribution
The cap bunting lives in open locations with groups of trees and bushes. They can also be found in olive groves or gardens. It is a migratory bird and breeds in southern Europe (Italy via Greece to Turkey) eastwards to Iran. She winters in northern India.
In Germany, irregular visitors are repeatedly reported who fly into southern Germany from southern European countries. The northernmost German report was a sighting in Wallnau on the island of Fehmarn in 2003. 2017 saw the first evidence of breeding in Germany near Rottenburg am Neckar . This breeding site was located about 550 km north of the closest isolated breeding population in Lombardy and 550 km northwest of the closed range beginning in Slovenia . Since 1960, evidence of the cap sparrow has been increasing north and northwest of the breeding area of the species in Europe. Since 2000 there have been individual broods in southern Hungary and south-eastern France.
Song and food
The cap bunting feeds on seeds as well as insects to feed the young, just like the Ammernart. The calls sound like a soft “Tschup”, a loud “zitt” and a deep, quiet “zih”. The singing is a bright “irr irr irr door-teredüde”.
Brood
The cap chambers do not arrive in the breeding areas until late April or early May. The nest is usually slightly raised in bushes or thorn bushes and consists of stalks and stalks. It is padded with fine grass and hair. The breeding season begins in mid-May and lasts until the end of June, there is only one brood per year. The female lays 4 to 5 light gray to brown eggs about 24 mm long.
swell
literature
- Peterson, Mountfort, Hollom, “ The birds of Europe - A pocket book for ornithologists and nature lovers about all birds living in Europe ”, Paul Parey Verlag, 10th edition. April 1973, ISBN 3-490-05718-X , pp. 289–290
- Christopher Perrins, "Birds, Biology + Determination + Ecology" , Paul Parey Verlag, ISBN 3-490-22618-6
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kopp et al .: The birds of the island of Fehmarn, 2005.
- ^ Nils Anthes, Heiner Götz, Markus Handschuh: Expanding North? Putting the first German breeding record of Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala into context . The Bird World 139: 31-38
Web links
- Emberiza melanocephala in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2008. Accessed January 30 of 2009.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Emberiza melanocephala in the Internet Bird Collection
- Feathers of the cap chamber