Card anamorphic
A map anamorphosis (also known as map anamorphosis) is a cartographic representation with a variable scale .
Antique maps in particular were often anamorphic depictions on which the little-explored areas were disproportionately small. Conversely, religious and cultural strongholds were often shown in exaggerated size on these maps. Even in today's city plans, the city centers are often shown enlarged ( fish-eye effect) in order to have enough space for the denser city center structures. In the city plans of the Falk publishing house from the 1950s and 1960s, this projection that enlarges the city center (representation of the earth's surface on a piece of paper) was called the “hyperboloid projection”.
Map anamorphic images can be used for thematic presentations . Here, the size in the representation is not selected proportionally to the actual geometric size, but depending on any attribute (e.g. length proportional to the travel time or area proportional to the number of inhabitants). An example of this is the isodemographic map , which shows the size of countries in proportion to the number of inhabitants. For these thematic representations, the word distorted map or cartogram is used in English , but this does not correspond to the meaning of the German word Kartogramm .
There are a number of algorithms (e.g. the flow-based algorithm from Gastner, Seguy and More) with different properties for creating map anamorphic images. These differ in compliance with the topology or the shape of the objects.
Types of map anamorphics
In the case of non-contiguous anamorphic maps , the topology does not have to be retained. This means that the objects are independent of their neighbors and can be enlarged or reduced while maintaining their shape.
Connected map anamorphic images are characterized by the fact that they retain their topology. This causes the objects on the map to become distorted when enlarged or reduced.
Dorling anamorphic maps are named after Danny Dorling and do not retain their shape or topology. Here the objects are replaced by regular shapes like circles of different sizes.
Pseudo-card anamorphic cards are cards that look like card anamorphic images, but actually aren't. For example, not the objects are changed here, only the reference grid.
Web links
- Numerous anamorphic maps: Worldmapper (English)
- Examples from the lexicon of cartography and geomatics
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael T. Gastner: Fast flow-based algorithm for creating density-equalizing map Projections . In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 115, No. 10, 2018, pp. E2156 – E2164. arxiv : 1802.07625 . bibcode : 2018arXiv180207625G . doi : 10.1073 / pnas.1712674115 . PMID 29463721 . PMC 5877977 (free full text).