Celtiberian language
Celtiberian | ||
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Spoken in |
- | |
speaker | none ( language extinct ) | |
Linguistic classification |
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Language codes | ||
ISO 639 -1 |
- |
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ISO 639 -2 |
cel (other Celtic languages) |
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ISO 639-3 |
xce |
The Celtiberian language (more rarely called Iberoceltic ) is the only Celtic language recorded south of the Pyrenees . It is documented for the last centuries before the turn of the ages and probably died out around the turn of the ages .
The Celtiberian is poorly documented compared to the Gallic , but still better than the other mainland Celtic languages Lepontic and Galatian . In addition to numerous coin finds , it was above all the Botorrita tablets with their sometimes relatively long texts that enabled linguists to gain a somewhat better understanding of the Celtiberian language. Apart from Botorrita II, which contains an inscription in Latin characters , the other three panels show inscriptions in the Iberian alphabet, a syllable alphabet that was adopted through contact with Iberian culture.
The Celtiberian script was also used to write the Celtiberian language .
Celtiberian shows closer parallels to the other recorded mainland Celtic languages , but unlike these it belongs to the Q-Celtic languages . It also has some linguistic peculiarities that are otherwise not found in the Celtic languages. It is therefore considered to be crucial for a more precise classification and structure of all Celtic languages .
literature
- Javier de Hoz: La lengua y la escritura celtibéricas. Celtiberos. Tras la estela de Numancia. (2005), pp. 417-426.
- Carlos Jordán: Celtibérico. Zaragoza 2004
- Wolfgang Meid, S. Bökönyi, W. Meid, (Eds.): Celtiberian Inscriptions. Minor (en inglés) 5. Budapest: Archaeolingua. (1994), pp. 12-13.
- Jürgen Untermann: Monumenta Linguarum Hispanicarum. IV The Tartessian, Celtiberian and Lusitan inscriptions. Wiesbaden 1997
- Javier Velaza: Balance actual de la onomástica personal celtibérica. Pueblos, lenguas y escrituras en la Hispania Prerromana. Wiesbaden 1999, pp. 663-683.
- Francisco Villar: Los indoeuropeos y los orígenes de Europa. Madrid 1991, ISBN 84-249-1471-6 .
- Francisco Villar: Estudios de celtibérico y de toponimia prerromana. Salamanca 1995
- DS Wodtko: An outline of Celtiberian grammar. Freiburg 2003