Kataoka Kenkichi

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Kataoka in old age

Kataoka Kenkichi ( Japanese 片 岡 健 吉 ; born February 14, 1844 in Tosa Province (now: Kōchi Prefecture ); died October 31, 1903 ) was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period and a politician in the Meiji period .

life and work

Kataoka Kenkichi was born the son of a samurai in the principality of Tosa in the province of Tosa. He fought against the Shogunate in 1868 under the command of Itagaki Taisuke and then continued in the Boshin War . After traveling to the USA and Europe from 1871 to 1873, during which he studied the military systems there, he received a command in the Imperial Navy . Then he withdrew in connection with the debate about the conquest of Korea in 1873 , like Itagaki, from all relations with the new government and joined Itagaki's movement for democracy, the Risshisha. In 1875 he supported Itagaki in founding Aikokusha ( 愛国 社 ) and became one of the leading members. In 1879 he was elected President of the Prefectural Assembly of Kōchi.

In 1877 and then again in 1880, Kataoka filed a petition to establish an elected diet, the second time as a representative of the "Kokkai Kisei Dōmei". He was then a leading member in the founding of the Jiyūtō ( 自由 党 ), the first real political party in Japan in 1881 . In 1883 he campaigned for the release of Kōno Hironaka . He took part in the petition movement of 1887, then was imprisoned himself for violating the peace rules.

In 1889 Kataoka was pardoned in connection with the proclamation of the constitution and was then a member of the House of Representatives from Kōchi member of the Jiyūtō, the Kenseitō ( 憲政 党 ) and from 1900 the Seiyūkai . From May to June 1894 he was Vice President of the House of Representatives, from 1898 to his death President of the House of Representatives .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Risshisha ( 立志 社 ) was a society founded by Itagaki in April 1874, which initially looked after impoverished samurai, and later campaigned for a democratically elected Reichstag.
  2. ↑ The Kokkai Kisei Dōmei ( 国会 期 成 同盟 ) was an association of politicians who campaigned for an elected national assembly. The association replaced the Aikokusha.
  3. ↑ Kono Hironaka was chairman of the Fukushima Prefectural Assembly . He was jailed in connection with mass protests against tax increases in 1881.
  4. ↑ The peace regulations, "Hoan jōrei" ( 保安 条例 ), were issued on December 26, 1887 to suppress democracy movements. The regulations were not repealed until June 1898.

literature

  • S. Noma (Ed.): Kataoka Kenkichi . In: Japan. An Illustrated Encyclopedia. Kodansha, 1993, ISBN 4-06-205938-X
  • Hunter, Janet: Kataoka Kenkichi . In: Concise Dictionary of Modern Japanese History. Kodansha International, 1984. ISBN 4-7700-1193-8 .

Web links

Commons : Kataoka Kenkichi  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Prefecture Parliament Kōchi: Historical Presidents and Vice Presidents (Japanese)
  2. ↑ Shūgiin : Historical Presidents and Vice Presidents (Japanese)
Japanese name: As is common in Japan, the family name comes before the first name in this article . Thus, Kataoka is the family name, Kenkichi the first name.
personal data
SURNAME Kataoka, Kenkichi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 片 岡 健 吉 (Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese samurai and politician
DATE OF BIRTH February 14, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Tosa Province
DATE OF DEATH October 31, 1903