Small lance nose
| Small lance nose | ||||||||||||
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Little lance nose ( Phyllostomus discolor ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Phyllostomus discolor | ||||||||||||
| ( Wagner , 1843) |
The small lance nose ( Phyllostomus discolor ) is a bat species from the family of leaf noses (Phyllostomidae).
description
The small lance nose is a medium-sized bat with a head-body length of 7.5 to 10.0 cm and an average wingspan of 46 cm. The fur is mostly dark brown to dark gray with a light belly area. Like most representatives of the leaf noses , the small lance nose also has a conspicuous nasal blade .
Way of life
Small lance noses use hollow trees and caves as sleeping places. The colonies can contain up to 400 animals and consist of adult males, each of whom defends a harem with 1 to 15 females against competitors. In contrast to the Great Lance Nose , the groups of females do not consist of animals of the same age, and the composition can vary within the harem. In addition to the harems, there are all-male groups, which mostly consist of younger animals without a harem. The members of such a group or harem hang close together, with a distance between the groups.
nutrition
While foraging, the animals often fly in groups of two to twelve individuals. Small lance noses are omnivores (omnivores), but mostly prefer vegetable components with a high proportion of nectar , fruits and insects. The lesser lance noses are known for pollinating over 40 species of plants and for playing an important role in the spread of seeds.
Reproduction
The mating season varies geographically, depending on the region, the females enter the oestrus phase once or twice a year . The length of the wearing time is not yet known. During the first few days after birth, the mother carries the young animals around to look for food. In the time afterwards, the young usually remain alone in the hanging place for several hours, where they are recognized by the mother on the basis of the smell and individual calls when they return. The males are not aggressive towards young animals. There have been observations that harem males even carry sleeping young animals on their backs.
distribution and habitat
The distribution of the small lance nose extends from southern Mexico via Peru , Paraguay and Bolivia to southeastern Brazil , where they can be found in a variety of habitats, especially in the primary and secondary rainforest , but also in other forests, plantations and gardens.
The IUCN estimates the population of the species as not endangered.
swell
- GG Kwiecinski: Phyllostomus discolor , Mammalian Species , No. 801 (2006), pp. 1-11
- ^ JW Bradbury Social organization and communication . In: WA Wimsatt (ed.): Biology of bats. Vol. 3 (1977), pp. 1-72
- ↑ Phyllostomus discolor in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
