Aguiar Monastery
| Cistercian Abbey of Aguiar | |
|---|---|
.jpg) former abbey of Santa Maria de Aguiar |
|
| location |
 Portugal Guarda District |
| Coordinates: | 40 ° 52 ′ 52 ″ N , 6 ° 56 ′ 0 ″ W |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
391 |
| founding year | 1165 by Benedictines |
| Cistercian since | 1170 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1834 |
| Mother monastery | Moreruela Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The Aguiar Monastery (Santa Maria de Águiar de Riba Coa; Turris Aquilina) is a former Cistercian abbey in the parish (freguesia) Castelo Rodrigo in the Guarda district in Portugal , around 3 km from Figueira da Castelo Rodrigo. It was one of the smallest branches of the Cistercian order in Portugal.
history
The monastery was founded as a Benedictine monastery in the 12th century. King Alfonso VII of León is said to have replaced the Benedictines with Cistercians from Moreruela Monastery . The monastery thus belonged to the filiation of the Clairvaux Primary Abbey . The first surviving deed of donation comes from Fernando II. De León from 1157. A second deed of donation comes from 1174 by Dom Afonso Henriques . As early as 1182 it was excluded from episcopal jurisdiction. In 1297 the monastery came to Portugal and was subordinate to the Tarouca monastery. In 1321 the value of the monastery was estimated at 210 pounds. In 1589 it joined the Congregation of Alcobaça. In 1834, like all Portuguese Cistercian monasteries, it was dissolved. The monastery has been classified as a national monument since 1932.
The chronicler of the Portuguese Cistercian Frai Bernard do Brito lived in the monastery.
Buildings and plant
The existing indictment dates from the founding time. Romanesque and Gothic styles are predominant. The church according to the plan of Clairvaux II follows the Bernardine plan with a three-aisled nave with two bays, a transept and two small rectangular apses. The original pointed barrel has been replaced by a barrel vault that is stuccoed and decorated with painting. The pointed barrel in the transept has been preserved. The side aisles have a heavy ribbed vault with ribs with a triangular profile. The masonry is of excellent quality. The east wing with the Gothic chapter house to the north of the church has been preserved from the convent. The cloister was demolished after 1834. The guest wing was reconstructed in 1997.
literature
- Gerhard N. Graf / José Mattoso / Manuel L. Real: Romanesque Portugal . Echter Verlag , Würzburg 1991, pp. 250-251, ISBN 3-429-01270-8
- Júlio António Borges: O Mosteiro de Santa Maria de Aguiar e os Monges de Cister , Edição da Câmara Municipal de Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo, 1997
- João Couto: O Convento de Stª Maria de Aguiar em Riba - Côa , 1927