Appingen Monastery
The Appingen Abbey is a former convent of the Carmelites in the parish Greetsiel that the patronage of the Virgin Mary was dedicated. The colloquial name is derived from the place Appingen .
history
The old village of Appingen was the place of origin and starting point of the later Counts of Cirksena , who owned extensive land there. A first church is said to have been built around 1200. It was consecrated to the Virgin Mary.
After Appingen was cut off from the sea by dykes and gradually lost its importance, the Cirksena moved their headquarters to Greetsiel Castle between 1362 and 1388 . In 1433 Enno Cirksena , father of the first imperial count of East Friesland , Ulrich I , donated the now abandoned parish church to the Carmelites and asked them to build a convent there. The necessary approval was given by Pope Eugene IV on December 10th, 1433. At the Council of Basel , the foundation in 1435 was finally decided. The Carmelites commissioned the Prior General of the Order, Johannes Faci, and the Provincial Prior of the Low German Order Province , Petrus von Neuenkirchen, with the implementation. This means that 1435 is considered the year the convent was founded. Three years later the Provincial Chapter of the Carmelites in Mainz accepted Appingen as the 26th monastery in the Order of the Province.
The convent in Appingen was the only settlement of the Carmelites in East Friesland and the last convent ever founded in the region. Not much is known about the history of the monastery. In addition to the existing church, the founding family had a stone house built for the friars and a mill, for which the Cirksena also had usage rights. At first it was only designed for three to four priests, but was probably expanded considerably in later times. At least 20 brothers lived in the monastery during its heyday.
Shortly before the Reformation, the Atens monastery was donated from Appingen in what is now the city of Nordenham . The first prior of the subsidiary, Johannes Kruse , had previously worked in Appingen in the same function.
In 1526 the office of prior was awarded for the last time by the provincial chapter . In 1530, Balthasar von Esens sacked the monastery in one of his numerous feuds with the Count of East Friesland. Balthasar, but did not completely destroy it, such as the nearby Dykhusen monastery of the Dominicans . The monastery was restored and in 1531 took in the nuns of Dykhusen.
In the period after that, the monastery was secularized and from 1545 leased by the Counts of East Friesland. Several attempts by the Carmelites to regain the monastery failed as a result. It is not known when the buildings were demolished. In Appingen today there are no more wall remains. Since the archive and the library were also lost in the course of the dissolution, nothing is known about the location and extent of the previous buildings. Archaeological excavations have not yet taken place in Appingen. Today only one farm remains from the former village of Appingen and the monastery, which belongs to Visquard .
literature
- Michael Hermann: Appingen . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 1, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3895349577 , pp. 21-24
- Günther Leymann: Domain of the Appingen Monastery. An agricultural historical study over 600 years of a marshland in the western part of East Frisia . In: Gerhard Steffens (Ed.): The eight and their seven sluices . Vol. 2 .; 2nd edition Leer 1987.
- Hemmo Suur: History of the former monasteries in the province of East Friesland: An attempt . Hahn, Emden 1838, p. 125 (reprint of the edition from 1838, Verlag Martin Sendet, Niederwalluf 1971, ISBN 3-500-23690-1 ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Michael Hermann: Appingen . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 1, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3895349577 , pp. 21–24
- ^ Albrecht Eckhard: Atens . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 1, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3895349577 , pp. 29–31
Coordinates: 53 ° 28 '58.2 " N , 7 ° 5' 23.6" E