Topusko Monastery

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Topusko Cistercian Abbey
location Croatia
Coordinates: 45 ° 17 ′ 35 "  N , 15 ° 58 ′ 20"  E Coordinates: 45 ° 17 ′ 35 "  N , 15 ° 58 ′ 20"  E
Serial number
according to Janauschek
555
Patronage St. Mary
founding year 1208
Year of dissolution /
annulment
Early 16th century
Mother monastery Szentgotthárd Monastery  ?
Primary Abbey Clairvaux Monastery

Daughter monasteries

Ercsi Monastery
Cistercian Monastery Zagreb  ?

The Topusko Monastery (Toplica, Toplice, Topusztó in Hungarian) is a former Cistercian abbey in Croatia . The monastery was located 67 km south of Zagreb in Toplice Topusko in Croatia, in the valley of the Glina river .

history

The monastery was founded on the site of a Roman bath in 1208 comes from the from the Branch Clairvaux outgoing filiation , either directly or through the monastery Szentgotthárd in Hungary. Ercsi Monastery in Hungary and, after Janauschek, the Cistercian monastery in Zagreb , too, are considered to be Topusko's daughters. The complex was built under King Andrew II on the basis of a pledge made during the crusade to Jerusalem in 1205 (a date of foundation in 1135, which is mentioned on various occasions, is not documented). A Theobaldus was named as the first abbot in 1213. The monastery was abandoned at the beginning of the 16th century and destroyed by Turkish troops in 1558 (according to other information in 1593). Excavations took place from 1877 to 1879 and 1966.

Buildings and plant

Most of the facility was demolished at the beginning of the 19th century. Only the 23 m high, crumbling portal facade in the west of the Gothic church dedicated to the Virgin Mary, which was completed with the monastery in 1233, is preserved. It is located in the abbey park. It was a vaulted three-aisled complex with no transepts, a good 50 m long with a semicircular apse and rectangular closed chapels. The side aisles were separated by slender columns. The central nave apse is considered to be the oldest part of the complex, while the early Gothic nave was probably added in the middle of the 13th century. The enclosure was south (right) of the church.

literature

  • Anselme Dimier : L'art cistercien hors de France. Zodiaque, La-Pierre-qui-Vire 1971, OCLC 808264175 , p. 18.
  • Ilona Valter: Talking Walls - The exploration of the Cistercian monasteries in Hungary. In: 800 years of the Cistercians in the Pannonian region. Catalog of the Burgenland State Special Exhibition 1996, OCLC 845048156 , pp. 43–61, with floor plan, Office of the Burgenland State Government.
  • Stephen Tobin: The Cistercians, Monks and Monasteries of Europe. The Overlook Press, 1995, ISBN 0-87951-654-2 .
  • Leopold Janauschek: Originum cisterciensium. tom. I, Vienna 1877, entry DLV.

Web links