Cocci
Cocci (from ancient Greek κόκκος kókkos , German 'core, grain' ) are spherical bacteria ( called Coccobacteria by Theodor Billroth ). They can appear completely round or slightly elongated to ovoid in shape. The scientific spelling of the name of the bacteria is "Coccus".
If the cells do not separate after division , organizational patterns arise, depending on the division level, which can be typical for certain species. One distinguishes
- Chain cocci or streptococci : cocci stored in chains, e.g. B. Streptococcus , Enterococcus , Peptostreptococcus (a gram-positive anaerobic pathogen belonging to the normal human flora that can cause various infections), Ruminococcus , Lactococcus
- Diplococci : cocci stored in pairs, e.g. B. Pneumococci (which are Streptococcus pneumoniae ), Neisseria , Planococcus
- Tetracocci or tetrads : aggregation of 4 cells, e.g. B. Micrococcus , Pediococcus
- Paketkokken or sarcinse : cube-shaped assembly of 8 or more cocci eponymous this is Sarcina also encountered in Sporosarcina
- Heap cocci or staphylococci : heap-shaped cocci, the agglomeration resembles that of berries in a grape, it is named after Staphylococcus , but also found in Peptococcus .
However, several types of bacteria also have multiple division patterns, such as Lactococcus lactis , whose cells occur as pairs (diplococci) and short chains (streptococci).
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Gemoll: Greek-German school and hand dictionary. Munich / Vienna 1965.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker: Brock Mikrobiologie. German translation edited by Werner Goebel. 1st edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg / Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-8274-0566-1 , pp. 65, 558-560, 1055.
- ^ Marianne Abele-Horn: Antimicrobial Therapy. Decision support for the treatment and prophylaxis of infectious diseases. With the collaboration of Werner Heinz, Hartwig Klinker, Johann Schurz and August Stich. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Peter Wiehl, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-927219-14-4 , p. 265.
- ^ A b Hans G. Schlegel, Christiane Zaborosch: General microbiology . 7th edition. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart / New York 1992, ISBN 3-13-444607-3 , p. 24 f., 98-100 .
- ↑ a b Microorganisms in class . In: Horst Bayrhuber, Eckhard R. Lucius (ed.): Handbook of practical microbiology and biotechnology . 1st edition. tape 3 . Metzler-Schulbuchverlag, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-8156-3351-6 , p. 25, 57-59, 86-87 .