Kolchuga
The Kolchuga system ( Ukrainian and Russian Кольчуга for armored shirt ) is a radio monitoring system from the Ukrainian manufacturer Topas. According to the manufacturer, the device records, analyzes and identifies practically all known ground, air and sea-based emitters such as B. radio, radar, TACAN navigation , data transmission and radar altimeter.
The system receives and processes signals in a range from 130 MHz to 18 GHz. It is housed on three 6-wheel trucks. The systems and computers for signal processing are located on a fourth truck . The individual trucks are usually set up about 60 km apart. However, this results in the problem of data transmission to the other systems, since cabling is complex over such distances and mobility is greatly reduced. For this reason, an omnidirectional transmitting and receiving antenna is normally used for transmission, which, however, can be located by hostile SIGINT systems. Each vehicle has four antennas for the VHF, UHF and SHF bands, which can be used to search for emitting targets in a 1–5 ° wide sector up to 600 km and in a 45 ° wide sector over around 200 km.
According to the manufacturer, flight targets with stealth properties should also be able to be recorded and tracked. With the passive search method, the electromagnetic radiation of a can according to the manufacturer Stealth - combat aircraft at a distance of 20 km can be detected to 200 micrometers. Normal fighter planes and bombers should be able to be located at a distance of up to 600 km, at altitudes over 10 km also up to 1000 km. Up to 32 targets can be pursued at the same time. The range is almost twice as high as with AWACS (600 km).
Exports
.jpg)
The Kolchuga surveillance system was first presented at the Turkish arms fair IDEF in 1999 . The improved Kolchuga-M system has been available for purchase on the export market since 2001. The system was delivered in small numbers to China , Georgia , Israel , Turkmenistan and Ethiopia . In July 2000, then-Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma intended to sell the Kolchuga system to Iraq . When this became public in the context of the cassette scandal , no extradition took place due to international protests.
Individual evidence
- ↑ israeldefense.co.il: דיווח: חברה ישראלית רכשה מכ"ם פאסיבי מאוקראינה (Israel has bought Ukrainian Kolchuga-M radar) (English, Ukrainian)
- ↑ Defense Express (Ed.): Passive location (= Defense Review . No. 4 ). 2014, p. 39–43 ( PDF [accessed October 21, 2018]).
- ↑ Michael Wines: THREATS AND RESPONSES: STEALTH AND COUNTERSTEALTH; US Suspects Ukraine of Selling Radar to Iraq . Ed .: New York Times. September 24, 2002 ( nytimes.com [accessed February 6, 2019]).
