Copulation (trees)
In the production of woody plants in tree nurseries, copulation refers to the refinement of a certain variety on a suitable base in order to enable the non-rooted variety to grow over the long term. This is one of the finishing methods in the rest period can be carried out, since in this case the bark does not solve needs such. B. necessary for the budding .
One distinguishes the
- normal copulation : twigs of the variety and rootstock are of approximately the same diameter and are cut in a medium length and then connected to one another in such a way that the cambium layers lie on top of one another. The connection is considered less stable.
from the more time-consuming
- Copulation with counter tongue : here, too, the trimmings and the rootstock are cut, but the interfaces are additionally provided with an incision, which makes it possible for the two partner trees to slide into one another. The purpose of the counterpoints is the greater strength of the connection as well as the creation of larger contact surfaces of the cambium layers, which promotes a faster growing together at the refinement point.
The connection of two stems as strong as a pencil is now done quickly with the help of grafting scissors or refinement scissors, pruning shears cut the pruning vines and rootstocks so that they fit together exactly with tongue and notch and the cambium layer is cut sharply (one cut on the precious rice, one cut on the Support, join both parts and fix with adhesive tape).
The goat foot refinement is a similar refinement method, also possible during the rest period and is used for stronger roots.
Refinement of vegetables
Since 1920 fruit vegetables (tomatoes, cucumbers and aubergines ) and melon plants have also been refined.
The rootstocks used are mostly varieties that form strong, powerful roots and provide the plants with more nutrients and water ( e.g. pumpkin as a base for cucumbers). This makes the plants stronger and can continue to grow even in bad weather or in hot spells. Melons can therefore have up to 75% more yield and store more sugar than unprocessed ones (which means they taste sweeter, which increases sales). In Japan 92% and in Korea 95% of all melon plants are grafted. The better supply means that more and larger fruits are formed, which can increase the yield of tomatoes by around 25 to 50%, and of cucumbers by 100%. By using mycorrhiza or hydroponics , the nutrient supply and thus the yield can be increased even further.
When the plant stems are hollow, a help toothpick like sticks inside and tape or a clip externally to fix the two parts.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Refining of fruit vegetables ( Memento of the original from March 29, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Refining tomatoes: A step-by-step guide
- ↑ Rich harvest: refine cucumber with pumpkin , at ndr.de
