Honda Kōtaro

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Honda Kōtaro
from left to right: Kōtarō Honda, Albert Einstein , Keiichi Aichi , Sirouta Kusukabe . 1922

Honda Kōtarō ( Japanese 本 多 光 太郎 ; born March 24, 1870 in Okazaki , Aichi Prefecture ; † February 12, 1954 in Tokyo ) was a Japanese physicist and metallurgist.

Honda studied at the University of Tokyo (graduated in 1897) and worked from 1900 with Hantarō Nagaoka on magnetism. In this he also received his doctorate in 1903. From 1907 to 1911 he studied at the University of Göttingen with the metallurgist Gustav Tammann and on his return became a professor at the newly founded University of Tōhoku . He became known as the inventor of magnetic types of steel (1917 KS steel, KS for Kichiei Sumitomo, further developed in 1933 to even better NKS steel, for New KS Steel) for permanent magnets , which was enforced during the First World War by export bans in the west. Its KS steel was considerably better than the tungsten steel alloys of the time. He also had the steel patented. For this he received one of the first cultural orders ( Bunka Kunshō ) in 1937 and other high Japanese orders (in the year of his death the great Asahi band, first class). In 1919 he became director of the Institute of Iron, Steel and Other Metals at Tohoku University. From 1931 until his retirement in 1940 he was President of Tohoku University. Even after retiring, he remained an honorary professor at his university. After the war, he became President of the University of Tokyo from 1949 to 1953. In 1940 he was one of the initiators of the establishment of the Chiba Technical University .

A Göttingen memorial plaque for Honda is located at the former Institute for Metal Physics (Kreuzbergring 15) in Göttingen.

His students include Murakami Takejirō (1882-1969) and Masumoto Hakaru (1895-1987).

Fonts

  • Magnetism and matter , Tokyo 1917 (Articles)
  • Magnetic properties of matter , Tokyo 1928 (articles)

literature

  • Göttingen memorial plaques . Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht: Göttingen 2002

Web links

Commons : Honda Kōtarō  - collection of images
Japanese name: As is common in Japan, the family name comes before the first name in this article . So Honda is the family name, Kōtarō the first name.
personal data
SURNAME Honda, Kōtarō
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 本 多 光 太郎 (Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese physicist and metallurgist
DATE OF BIRTH March 24, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Okazaki
DATE OF DEATH February 12, 1954
Place of death Tokyo