Tangles
Kangeln describes the twisting and twisting of a rope . The term originally comes from the language of the Seiler , but is mainly used today in climbing .
Tackling in climbing
During the use of the climbing rope and especially when the rope is being picked up into a rope dummy, the rope twists, so that undesirable crossings and loops occur in the course of the rope and it is no longer undisturbed in a straight line. This twisting of the rope is called kinking. The strength of the tangle depends not only on the length of the rope but also on the make, but there are no completely tangle-free ropes.
When belaying, kinks occur when the rope runs through a belay device in which it is twisted. Particularly with the half-mast cast , there is a lot of kinking, especially if it is not operated optimally (non-parallel rope routing). The figure eight as well as semi-automatic belay devices such as the Grigri generate fewer or almost no kinks.
Furthermore, it can lead to kinking if the top is hung in such a way that the rope is twisted.
While kinks is just annoying when rope record, it may at securing also pose risks: The rope can be when issuing the backup device entangled, so that a controlled output cable or deflation is difficult. When belaying with the HMS safety device, a severely jarring rope can impair the turning of the half-mast cast or even open the carabiner while being hauled in. Opening the carabiner on the top is also conceivable. In addition, solving a problem takes the attention of the belayer a great deal, which can lead to errors in the securing process. In top rope climbing, the tangles form on the climber's rope, directly after the rope knot. If the climber falls into the fixed rope in this way, the distance increases until he comes to a standstill. Tangles are also a problem or a danger when abseiling , since loosening the tangle can result in reduced attention or in letting go of the rope.
There are ways to pick up a rope without it tangling, for example by shooting it in the shape of a figure eight or a rope puppet. Even when placing in a rope sack , the rope should be laid down systematically to avoid tangling .
Brand new ropes must be unrolled before first use according to the instructions - and thus the packaging method. If the procedure is wrong, they can become so kinky that they cannot be used until the loops have dissolved. The following packaging is common on the market:
- Single or double strand winding on a reel. These ropes can be unrolled on a table top by moving the arm like a reel or turning the bundle.
- An industrial robot shoots up to a rope dummy. These ropes are pulled through once after removing the band.
- Winding up in a single strand according to the 3D lapcoiling process, in which with each rotation of the reel it winds the rope around an orthogonal axis. These ropes can be pulled straight from the center of the packaging the first time they are used.
Existing tangles can be removed by unscrewing or pulling the rope through a top or by letting it hang out (e.g. on a bridge).
Other areas
So that a jumping cord does not twist when rotating, both ends can rotate freely in the hollow handles (with low tensile force in a high position).
Electric cables can also twist when they are picked up, which can lead to the cable becoming unusable. On the other hand, picking up alternately on the front and back of a turn helps, placing it in the form of a figure eight or winding it onto a spool.
If a twist is repeatedly introduced in one direction when using a cable, such as when mowing the lawn by predominantly circling in one direction, or with one-sided half rotations when picking up and putting down a connected or plugged-in handset such as a telephone receiver, the twist and add up leads to kinking, which can be discharged in the twisting of cable loops. If a spiral cable loop is twisted, two helices penetrate each other, which will soon be difficult to untangle. This is why there are so-called “ untwisters ” with Western plugs and sockets, which, plugged into the receiver connection, allow the receiver to rotate infinitely.
Twine is sewing thread twisted from partial threads, which, when sewn with the hand needle as a longer piece through solid fabric or leather, can generate twist when pulled through the sewing material or through the needle eye. The twist, which is necessary for the strength of the thread, can be shifted and the thread dissolve or twist as a loop and impede sewing.
In order to achieve good flexibility, the individual conductors in electrical cables - with the exception of coaxial cables, flat cables or no more than two-pole cables - are twisted as a whole, with multi-pole data or telephone cables possibly additionally (beforehand) in pairs - “twisted pair”. If a conductor itself consists of fine-stranded strands, these are also twisted. If a twist is introduced into such a chiral cable, it may trigger different kinking in one and the other direction. Telephone receiver cables, which are braided from four stranded conductors, can also have a non-chiral design. Special braided, thick, single-pole stranded cables are very flexible as a result, but they tend to be more twist-resistant and therefore tangle quickly.
Individual evidence
- ^ Joachim Heinrich Campe: Dictionary of the German language . tape 2 : F to K . School book, 1808, p. 1032 .
- ↑ tangles , Duden.de, accessed on November 27, 2012
- ↑ a b c Pit Schubert : Alpine rope technology: Equipment, technology, safety . 2nd Edition. Bergverlag Rother, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-7633-6083-2 , p. 6-9 .
- ^ Jörg Böhnke: Adventure and adventure sports: A manual for schools, clubs and youth social work . 2nd Edition. LIT, Münster 2000, ISBN 3-8258-4468-4 , p. 55 .
- ↑ a b safety devices , bergzeit.de, accessed on November 27, 2012
- ↑ a b Andi Dick: Beyond the climbing license . In: DAV Panorama . No. 6 , 2010, p. 58-61 .
- ↑ a b Chris Semmel, Martin Schwiersch: In search of the best exercise routine . In: mountaineering . s, 2006, p. 67-73 .
- ↑ How to climb safely in the hall , alpin.de, accessed on November 27, 2012.
- ↑ Chris Semmel: Avoid typical accident patterns when abseiling . In: DAV Panorama . No. 3 , 2008, p. 77 .
- ↑ Krangel no thanks , klettern.de, accessed on November 27, 2012
- ↑ Patent DE102017113330 : Rope winding machine and method for producing rope packaging. Registered on June 17, 2017 , published on December 20, 2018 , applicant: Edelrid GmbH and Co KG, inventor: Daniel Gebel.
- ↑ Alles gegen Krangbildung , alpenstieg.com, accessed on November 27, 2012
- ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: kletterseil.net ), accessed on November 27, 2012.