Kreuzgangstrasse 5

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House Kreuzgangstrasse 5 on a drawing by Willy Knabe (1896–1967), view from the west, from the left (north) the Poststrasse joins
In 2020 roughly the same view as above, on the right the northern facade of the northern development of the Domplatz (today the southern wing of the Landtag), in front of it originally the narrow cloister street, today the power box, the wall and the northern extensions stand in the way, the extension in the center of the picture should be to the left (north) into the former location of the house at Kreuzgangstrasse 5
View from the east through Kreuzgangstraße, before the renovation in 1899, right: Kreuzgangstraße 5, left: rear side of the northern buildings on Domplatz (today the southern wing of the Landtag), background: old St. Nicholas Church; Drawing by Otto Peters
View from the southwest, before the renovation in 1899, drawing by Otto Peters
View from the west, cross section, drawing by Otto Peters

The house at Kreuzgangstrasse 5 was a residential building in Magdeburg in what is now Saxony-Anhalt . It was destroyed during the Second World War and is considered a lost architectural monument.

location

It was located in Magdeburg's old town on the corner of Kreuzgangstrasse and Poststrasse. Due to the rebuilding of the city after the Second World War, which did not adhere to the established structure, the current course of the cloister street deviates significantly from the original location. Today (as of 2020) the western part of the state parliament of Saxony-Anhalt is located on the former location of the house at Kreuzgangstrasse 5 . Today's Kreuzgangstraße runs at this point in a north-south direction coming from the Domplatz , west of the state parliament and the former location of the house at Kreuzgangstraße 5.

Architecture and history

The two-storey building was built in half-timbered construction in 1506 according to an inscription above the entrance door ( Anno 1506 ) and served as the curia of the Nikolaistiftes . Other information probably incorrectly name the information Anno 1546 as an inscription on a beam head or name 1507 as the year of construction. Originally, the house was part of the northern development of the Domplatz, to which it was oriented towards the eaves. In 1723 the buildings at Domplatz 7 to 9, today's south wing of the state parliament, were placed in front of it. The result was the old street Im Kreuzgang , running parallel to the north side of the Domplatz , which connected the Breite Weg in the west with the government street in the east. In the 18th century, the house at Kreuzgangstraße 5 became a corner house, as Poststraße was broken through to the west of the building from the north, and since then it has led to Kreuzgangstraße.

The house extended over a length of about 15 compartments . While the ground floor was made of quarry stone as a massive construction , the cantilevered upper floor was built as a half-timbered construction. There were stands with foot struts and profiled window bars. There were stair friezes on the threshold above the first floor. Tracery panels were used over the beam heads. In addition, there were filler boards and coat of arms consoles with tracery decorations in three areas. The building had a sandstone portal. It was covered by a round arch that crowned a skylight.

From 1619 to 1640 the canon Johann Ernst von Treschau (also known as von Treskow ) was the owner of the curia. During his time, the city of Magdeburg was also destroyed in 1631 , during which the city was largely destroyed, but the house at Kreuzgangstrasse 5 and the neighboring building at Kreuzgangstrasse 4 were retained. The reason for this was a garden to the west of the property. Before the city was destroyed in 1631, it is said that 17 people lived in the house. In addition to von Treschau , his family and servants, six soldiers also lived in the building.

In Johann Ernst followed Daniel von Tresckow . In 1654 Georg Levin von Arnstedt became the owner of the curia. He held this until 1676. In 1687 the canon Friedrich Asche von der Asseburg was the owner of the curia , in 1702 the canon Franz Heinrich von Kramm . The latter died in 1724. The building was subsequently rented to Frau Oberst von dem Bussche , who put a Herr von dem Bussche inside. 1735 is occupied as a tenant Lieutenant Colonel von Münchhausen .

The building was then used by the Magdeburg High School. In 1750 the summissarius of the cathedral grammar school lived in the house . The year 1782 is also mentioned as a Curia of the Summissarius. In 1817 the summissar Friedrich Blum is mentioned for cloister 5 , who was also mentioned here in 1823 as Friedrich Christ. Blum is run. Blum last lived here as a widower with his daughter, the preacher's widow Möwes. After Blum's death it was intended to give the house to the teacher at the cathedral high school Friedrich Wilhelm Wolf . However, Möwe's widow refused to vacate the official apartment. Only after an official request did she leave the house.

Ground floor plan including courtyard and garden in the 1840s, drawing by Rudolf Wolf, not aligned, north is on the left
Floor plan of the upper floor in the 1840s, drawing by Rudolf Wolf, not aligned, north is on the left

Around 1840, Wolf and his family moved into the house. His son Rudolf Ernst Wolf , who later founded the R. Wolf machine factory, grew up here. More detailed descriptions of the living and housing situation at that time have been obtained from his records. At this point in time, the house is characterized as being very inhabited. Most of the ovens were initially inoperable. However, after cleaning and painting and wallpapering work, it was ready to move into. The roof was also partially renewed. The front door was locked by a several-pound bolt that was later replaced with a latch. The hallway of the building is described as constantly icy cold at this time, as no direct sunlight fell here due to the narrow cloister street. The kitchen was primitively equipped. It had an open gutter hole and an open chimney and is described as even colder than the hallway. The so-called blue room was located on the first floor facing Poststrasse . It was the best room on the first floor. This room also received some sunlight in the middle of summer and was used as a living room by the Wolf family in the first few years. The ceiling was covered with painted canvas to hide the entablature. However, there were many mice and rats in the space created in this way.

To the south of the blue room was a corner room with four windows, which was used as a living room . The Wolf family bought mahogany furniture for this . The room was wallpapered with yellow wallpaper with blue and black flowers. The windows were hung with heavy curtains that were attached by the upholsterer Heller. The living room, which can be reached directly to the left of the house entrance, was only rarely used and heated. Due to the damp quarry stone walls, the wallpaper did not last long and the furniture also suffered from the moisture. This room was later divided. The larger part facing Poststrasse became the living room, the smaller part the new kitchen. From the kitchen, the living room was also heated.

To the north of the blue room facing Poststrasse was the father's bedroom, and to the east was the pantry . There were more bedrooms on the upper floor, but they were only built as wooden crates. On Kreuzgangstrasse, Rudolf Wolf set up a small workshop that was known as the machine room . The floor in the so-called lodging room was remarkably crooked. Above these rooms was the floor with a winch on it.

To the east of the house was a doorway that led to the property's small courtyard. The doorway was also used for wood storage. During a Christmas season in the 1840s, a fire broke out in this wood store, caused by improperly dumped furnace ash, which, however, could be put out before it caused any major damage. There was an outside toilet in the yard.

On the north side, at the back of the house, there was another small garden behind the courtyard. It was shielded from Poststrasse by a wall. There was a garden gate in the wall. There were three large pear trees between the courtyard and the garden, and a gazebo at the end of the garden. The back wall was covered with a canvas painting by the painter Löffler.

In 1899 the house was rebuilt. In particular, the southern gable side facing Poststrasse was redesigned and a two-axis half-timbered bay was installed in front of the upper floor.

In the 1910s, too, there were official apartments in the house for teachers of the cathedral high school. In the 1930s, the Prussian state is given as the owner. The building was still used as a residential building for two families of teachers at the Domgymnasium.

During the Second World War , the building was destroyed in the air raid on Magdeburg on January 16, 1945 . It was of particular importance as one of the last testimonies to the historical Magdeburg development from the time before the city was destroyed in 1631.

literature

  • Götz Eckardt (Hrsg.): Fates of German monuments in the Second World War. Henschel Verlag Kunst und Gesellschaft , Berlin undated (around 2000?), ISBN 3-926642-24-6 , volume 1, page 268.
  • Ernst Neubauer: House book of the city of Magdeburg Part II , Max Niemeyer Verlag Halle (Saale) 1956, page 88.

Web links

Commons : Kreuzgangstraße 5  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Götz Eckardt (editor), Fates of German Architectural Monuments in World War II , Volume 1, Henschel Verlag Berlin, ISBN 3-926642-24-6 , page 268
  2. ↑ United Cathedral and Monastery High School Magdeburg, 1675–1950, commemorative publication, Verlag Wolfgang Weidlich, Frankfurt (Main) 1967, page 71
  3. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt , Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 27
  4. ^ Julius Sieg, half-timbered houses in Magdeburg , Magdeburg City Planning Office 1996, page 50
  5. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 23
  6. ↑ Erich Wolfrom, The Building History of the City and Fortress of Magdeburg , City of Magdeburg 1936, page 31
  7. ^ The Magdeburg address book from 1817 , reprint, Verlag Degener & Co. Neustadt / Aisch 2004, ISBN 3-7686-4224-0 , page 91
  8. ^ Address book of the city of Magdeburg by EFLiweh , reprint of the address book from 1823, Magdeburg 2004, page 38
  9. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 22 f.
  10. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 25
  11. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 27
  12. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 27
  13. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 27
  14. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 30
  15. ^ Günter Hammerschmidt, Magdeburg company founder , Part IV, Magdeburg 2010, page 28
  16. ↑ Magdeburg Address Book 1914 , August Scherl German Address Book Society, Part II, page 88
  17. ↑ Magdeburg Address Book 1916 , August Scherl German Address Book Society, Part II, page 92
  18. ↑ Magdeburg address book 1939 , Verlag August Scherl Successor, Part II, page 104
  19. ↑ United Cathedral and Monastery High School Magdeburg, 1675–1950 , commemorative publication, Verlag Wolfgang Weidlich, Frankfurt (Main) 1967, page 70
  20. ↑ United Cathedral and Monastery High School Magdeburg, 1675–1950 , commemorative publication, Verlag Wolfgang Weidlich, Frankfurt (Main) 1967, page 70

Coordinates: 52 ° 7 '36 "  N , 11 ° 38' 5.8"  E