Critical discourse analysis

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The CDA (engl. Critical Discourse Analysis ) is generally defined as a linguistic understood research program with a large variety of methods and Theorien-. The subject of investigation is social problems, with particular emphasis on the relationship between language and power or domination. Critical discourse analysis is characterized by interdisciplinarity and the consideration of intertext and interdiscourse relationships as well as the historical context. From a Marxist perspective, it follows on from Foucault's concept of discourse . What is asked is what is not said or can not be said in the speech .

Central concepts according to Wodak

Ruth Wodak is one of the most prominent founders of "critical discourse analysis". She was a member of feminist movements and part of a group of feminist researchers.

discourse

Discourse is understood as a social practice that includes discursive events, real situations, institutions and social structures. Practice intervenes in the discourse, which in turn changes the situation and structures: " Discourse is socially constitutive as well as socially conditioned. "

Concept of criticism

The term "critical" or "criticism" implies several aspects in this context. On the one hand, empirically collected data should be placed in their social context so that essential properties such as the interconnectivity of social and political commitment and the sociologically founded construction of our society can be made visible. At the same time, "critical" also means taking a political stance and focusing on reflecting on one's own research methods. The "criticism" pursues the goal of showing social actors their own interests and making them aware of them.

ideology

Critical discourse analysis regards ideology as a means of constructing and transferring meaning. She is interested in how language mediates ideologies, which play a crucial role in the creation and maintenance of unequal relations of domination, in various social institutions. I.e. symbolic forms are examined to see whether they create and support rule.

Power

The concept of power describes the relationship between inequalities in social structures. It is assumed that every speech situation is distorted by such power structures. Language is not the cause of power, but as a medium of domination and social violence it enables the expression of domination, but also its subversion. Critical discourse analysis makes those linguistic forms that are used in the handling of and in dealing with power the object of investigation.

context

The critical discourse analysis takes the concept of context so broadly that the historical developments in discursive practice, intertextuality and interdiscursiveness must be taken into account when examining the text. The deconstruction of the socio-political and historical context in which the discursive events are embedded is essential. Interdisciplinary approaches are necessary in order to theoretically substantiate the context.

See also

literature

  • Fairclough, N. (1995): Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language [Language in Social Life Series]. London.
  • Jäger, Siegfried: Critical Discourse Analysis. An introduction. Münster: Unrast-Verlag. 6th, completely revised edition 2012. ISBN 978-3-89771-761-9
  • Reisigl, Martin (2008): Analyzing Political Rhetoric. In: Wodak, Ruth & Michal Krzyzanowski (eds): Qualitative Discourse Analysis in the Social Sciences , Houndmill, Basingstoke: Palgrave, 96-121.
  • Wodak, R. (2002): Aspects of Critical Discourse Analysis. Journal for Applied Linguistics (ZfAL) 36: 5-31.
  • Anna Duszak, Juliane House , Łukasz Kumięga: Globalization, Discourse, Media: In a Critical Perspective / Globalization, Discourses, Media: a critical perspective. Warsaw University Press, r. 2010
  • Spieß, Constanze / Kumiega, Lukasz / Dreesen, Philipp: Media discourse analysis: Discourses - dispositives - media - power. From the series: Theory and Practice of Discourse Research. VS-Verlag for social sciences, Wiesbaden.
  • Peter Schöttler : After fear. History before and after the “linguistic turn” . Westphalian steam boat, Münster 2018, ISBN 978-3-89691-293-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Siegfried Jäger: Critical Discourse Analysis: An Introduction . 4th edition, Unrast, Münster 2004, ISBN 3-89771-732-8 .
  2. ^ Wodak 2002: 8
  3. ↑ Fairclough 1995: 747