Kurmanji alphabet
The Kurdish-Latin Kurmanji alphabet is the alphabet of Kurmanji . It consists of 31 letters, the pronunciation of which largely corresponds to the spelling.
- Capital letters: ABC Ç DE Ê FGHI Î JKLMNOPQRS Ş TU Û VWXYZ
- Lower case letters: abc ç de ê fghi î jklmnopqrs ş tu û vwxyz
- The eight vowels are: ae ê i î ou û
- The 23 consonants are: bc ç dfghjklmnpqrs ş tvwxyz
Today Kurmanji is written almost exclusively with this alphabet, but there is also more and more literature in Sorani that is written with Latin letters. The alphabet is also often used for zazakî .
1928 Turkey introduced a revolutionary law , the new Turkish alphabet one as the only to be used alphabet, was making the Kurdish Latin alphabet with its letters Q, W and X are prohibited. Their use, especially in the Kurdish context, has been prosecuted. a. in 2000 against eight newspapers that used the letter W in connection with the Kurdish festival Newroz . From September 2003, when Kurds were allowed to adopt Kurdish names, many turned to the courts in vain with the request to allow Q, W and X, etc. a. with reference to the fact that several Turkish companies use these in their names. In 2009 the National Security Council announced that it would amend this law, which is particularly protected by the constitution, so that the use of the Kurdish-Latin alphabet has been permitted since September 2013.
pronunciation
In order to clarify the pronunciation, a reference example for the German language is made.
| Letter | German example |
|---|---|
| a | Long as b a hn |
| b | German b |
| c | How Dsch ungel |
| ç | Sharp as eng lish |
| d | German d |
| e | Short ä as in h ä tte |
| ê | Long as E sel |
| f | German f |
| G | German g |
| H | German h |
| i | Short as the "e" in Bitt e
(locally also very short i) |
| î | Z long as he l |
| j | Like french j ournal |
| k | Like french c afé |
| l | German l |
| m | German m |
| n | German n |
| O | As O fen |
| p | Like french p one |
| q | Guttural |
| r | Rolled r |
| s | Like S kat |
| ş | How Sch ule |
| t | German t |
| u | Short u as in u nd |
| û | Long as s u chen |
| v | How w ollen |
| w | Like Engl. W ell |
| x | Like Ba ch |
| xw | Like ch in bach with a short u at the end ( chu ) |
| y | How J a |
| z | How ro s e |
Individual evidence
- ^ Extract from the IHF report: Human Rights in the OSCE Region: Europe, Central Asia and North America, Report 2005 (Events of 2004). Helsinki International Federation for Human Rights , p. 8 , archived from the original on July 29, 2009 ; accessed on March 20, 2015 .
- ^ Violations of Press Freedom in Turkey. Thirteen newspapers face prosecution. In: Reporters Without Borders . March 2000, archived from the original on March 10, 2007 ; accessed on March 20, 2015 .
- ↑ Saniye Karakaş: Submission to the Sub-Commission on Promotion and Protection of Human Rights: Working Group of Minorities; Tenth Session, Agenda Item 3 (a). UN Human Rights Commission , March 2, 2004, accessed March 20, 2015 .
- ↑ Yusuf Kanlı: "QWX" revolution. (No longer available online.) In: Hürriyet Daily News . September 16, 2009, archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; accessed on March 20, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Caleb Lauer: The competing worlds of written Turkish. In: The National. December 12, 2013, accessed March 20, 2015 .
