Noise abatement
Noise remediation is a common term for subsequent soundproofing measures for noise abatement . In contrast to noise precautionary measures , these measures are based on an actually determined noise exposure .
Germany
In Germany, noise abatement includes all subsequent measures to protect against existing sources of noise. These are mostly voluntary programs that are carried out either by the federal road administration or by the respective operator of the traffic route and are limited by the financial means. In contrast to noise precautionary measures, the limit values of which must be adhered to, for example during construction and major changes in accordance with the Traffic Noise Protection Ordinance, those affected by noise often do not have an actionable claim for noise remediation.
For example, the following construction measures are planned for noise abatement in Germany:
- Construction of noise barriers
- Installation of soundproof windows
Switzerland
In Switzerland, noise abatement is carried out centrally by the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN).
Traffic noise
The implementation instructions in the road noise guidelines , implementation aid for redevelopment. Status: December 2006 (D / F / I), publisher: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN and Federal Roads Office FEDRO name the following measures:
- Construction of noise barriers
- Use of whisper covering
- Installation of soundproof windows
- In extreme cases, also the construction of canopies ("gallery"), enclosures or tunnels
- Reduction of the signaled maximum speed
- Night and Sunday driving ban for trucks
- statutory provisions in the Traffic Rules Ordinance (VRV)
Railway noise
- so-called rolling stock renovation , d. H. Renovation of the chassis, whereby this measure has top priority, through:
- Using axles with disc brakes or freight cars usually fitted novel synthetic resin block brakes , even K-blocks called
- Replacement of steel brake suspensions with plastic ones
- Replacement of coil springs with rubber roll springs
- Construction of noise barriers
- Installation of soundproof windows
Aircraft noise
- Night flight ban
- Installation of soundproof windows
Industrial and commercial noise
- corresponding zone planning
- legal Regulations on the construction and operation of plants
Shooting noise
- Construction of noise barriers
- Use of so-called noise protection tunnels
Legal basis
- Noise Protection Ordinance of December 15, 1986 (LSV) - SR 814.41
- Federal Act of March 24, 2000 on Noise Abatement on Railways - SR 742.144
- Ordinance of November 14, 2001 on Noise Abatement for Railways (VLE) - SR 742.144.1
Financing and deadlines
The financing of noise abatement takes place according to Art. 16, LSV takes place according to the polluter pays principle, which means that the polluter of the noise source has to bear the costs of passive and active noise protection measures:
Public streets
- the cantons or the communes, whereby they may count on federal contributions if the object is a redevelopment property according to Art. 24a, LSV:
- In the case of national roads, the federal government assumes a large part of the costs in accordance with Art. 7 and 10 of the Federal Act of March 22, 1985 on the Use of the Specific Mineral Oil Tax (MinVG) with funds from the national road construction fund accumulated with it
- at cantonal and local roads , the public road owners can on contributions pursuant to Art. 13 MinVG Global contributions (Federal Act on the use of the earmarked fuel tax and the national road tax) expected
- According to Art. 17 LSV, national roads must be rehabilitated by 2015, main and communal roads by 2018
Railway systems
- the operator of the railway line or rolling stock, with the costs being borne by the federal government through A-fonds-perdu contributions from the FinöV fund, and certain operators receive a noise bonus on the route price
- the deadlines for the rolling stock renovation are December 31, 2009, for the structural measures December 31, 2015 (although the second deadline in particular will hardly be met due to the current financial situation)
Airports
- the operator of the airport; in the case of Zurich-Kloten from Unique . In 2005 she protested against having to assume the costs of noise protection measures and, in particular, the depreciation of buildings in the approach and departure lanes . In July 2009 residents filed a lawsuit.
In 2010 the ECJ ruled in the first instance in the German-Swiss aircraft noise dispute for the Federal Republic.
Industry and commerce
- only the operators of the systems
Shooting noise
- Municipality and cantons with federal support
- the deadline was 2002
literature
- Felix Hornfischer, Christian Popp, Dominik Kupfer, Udo Weese: Cooperative management of noise abatement: Opportunities for building contractors to cooperate in the event of multiple loads from roads and railways. Kirschbaum 2014, ISBN 3781219194 .
Web links
- FOEN - Noise Abatement
- Cercle Bruit Switzerland, association of cantonal noise protection experts
- SBB - Everything for less noise
Individual evidence
- ↑ Road noise guidelines from the Federal Office for the Environment FOEN
- ↑ Deadlines (noise protection ordinance)
- ↑ Federal law on the use of the dedicated mineral oil tax and the national road tax
- ↑ Deadlines (noise protection ordinance)
- ^ Articles (Federal Law on Noise Abatement of Railways)
- ↑ Deadlines (Federal Law on Noise Abatement of Railways)
- ↑ Zurich calculates the cost of aircraft noise. on: swissinfo.ch , November 4, 2005.
- ↑ Swiss pilots are suing Unique for aircraft noise. In: Tages-Anzeiger Zurich. July 21, 2009.
- ↑ Aircraft noise dispute: EU court decides against Switzerland. on: swissinfo.ch , September 9, 2010.