Lūcija Garūta

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Lūcija Garūta

Lucija Garūta (born 1 . Jul / 14. May  1902 greg. In Riga , Russian Empire , died on 15. February 1977 in Riga, LSSR , Soviet Union ) was a Latvian composer , pianist and organist , music teacher and theoretician and librettist and poet .

Life and career

Lūcija Garūta was born in Riga . From 1919 to 1925 she studied at the Latvian Conservatory with Jāzeps Vītols , Jānis Mediņš , Jēkabs Mediņš and Jēkabs Kārkliņš piano. During her studies she worked as a piano repetiteur at the Latvian National Opera .

After completing her studies, she worked for the Latvian Radio from 1925 to 1926 ; from 1926 she taught music theory and piano at the Latvian People's Conservatory ( Latvijas Tautas konservatorijs , today Jāzepa Mediņa Rīgas Mūzikas vidusskola ). Also from 1926 she studied piano playing and instrumentation with Alfred Cortot , Isidor Philipp and Paul Le Flem and in 1928 composition with Paul Dukas at the École Normale de Musique de Paris . In 1926 she gave her debut concert as a pianist in Paris ; In 1929 she performed in Berlin and Frankfurt am Main. Until 1940 she was one of the most active concert pianists in Latvia and gave chamber music concerts with more than a hundred musicians. In 1939 she was also director of the Latvian Music Promotion Association.

From 1940 Garūta worked as acting lecturer for composition and music theory at the Latvian Conservatory ( Latvijas Konservatorija , from 1946 LPSR Valsts Konservatorija , since 1991 Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmija ), where she was elected lecturer in 1962. It was not until 1972 - at the age of 70 - that she received a professorship. Due to an illness, she had to quit her concert activity, but continued to teach. Lūcija Garūta died on February 15, 1977 and was buried in the Riga cemetery 1. Meža kapi .

“Starry men - that's what I call Lūcija Garūta in my spirit. Their music tears away from the earth, it rises and carries towards the stars and the sun. In their music lies the purifying, clarifying power of gentleness. […] Happy is the musician, happier than the poet. He doesn't need a translator, his language is understood everywhere, and with the power of his art he can unite his homeland with the wide world. I believe that the starry Lūcija Garūta will do this. She will one day carry the unmistakable features of her people to distant lands. "

- Zenta Maurina

Cantata Dievs, Tava zeme deg!

Garūtas composed cantata Dievs, Tava zeme deg! (God, your country is on fire!) Was included in the so-called "Latvian Cultural Canon" and is therefore one of the most important Latvian pieces of music. The texts were written by the poet Andrejs Eglītis for the Latvju lūgšana Dievam (A Latvian Prayer to God) competition of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Kuldīga . The first performance took place on March 15, 1944 in Riga Cathedral with a large choir under the direction of Teodors Reiters ; the composer sat at the organ. On the sound recording of this concert you can also hear the noise of the battle penetrating the cathedral from the surroundings. During the second Soviet occupation of Latvia (1944/45 to 1991) the cantata was on the black list; It was not until 1988 that it was publicly performed again for the first time since May 6, 1945 as part of the “Singing Revolution” . The a cappella fragment Our Father ( Mūsu Tēvs debesīs ) from the cantata was sung by over ten thousand choristers at the 20th Latvian Song Festival in 1990  .

Works (selection)

List of works, biography and discography ( Latvian and English ) at Latvijas mūzikas informācijas centrs

  • Dievs, Tava zeme deg! , Cantata for soloists, choir and organ (1943)
  • Opera Sidrabotais putns (Der Silbervogel, also libretto, 1938; so far not performed)
  • Concerto for piano and orchestra (1951)
  • Prelude for piano in C minor (1927)
  • Prelude for piano in E minor (1927)
  • Andante Tranquillo , Piano Trio in B flat major (1948)

Discography

  • Music for Piano , CD (also on Spotify ), SKANI - Latvian Composers 2017
    • Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (1951)
    • Four Preludes (1927/1929)
    • Meditation (1935)
    • Variations on the Latvian Folk Song “The Soldiers are Sorrowful” (1933)
    • The Little Doll's Lulling Song (1943)
  • Eduards Grieznis - Piano Music , therein:
    • Variations on “Arājiņi, ecetāji” (Track 3–13, also on Spotify ), SKANI - Latvian Composers 2017
  • Other Colors - Latvian Composers for Flute , therein:
    • Nāras dziesma (Mermaid's Song, version for flute and piano) (Track 1, also on Spotify ), SKANI - Latvian Composers 2017
  • kvēlot, liesmot, sadegt , CD, Dzintra Erlihe 2010
    • Solo songs based on texts by Andrejs Eglītis :
      • Vētra (1941/43)
      • Ziemciešu tauta (1941/43)
    • Solo song based on a text by Romans Gauja:
      • Meitēn, manu meitenīt (1933)
    • Solo song based on a text by Rainis :
      • Kalnā kāpējs (1940)
    • Solo songs based on texts by Lūcija Garūta:
      • Vakara blāzmā (1932)
      • Ziemas pasaciņa (1929)
      • Svētā mīla (1929)
      • Bērna sirds (1929)
      • Mon rêve ( Mans sapnis , 1929)
      • Dzimtene pavasarī (1935)
      • Tautai (1932)
    • Nāras dziesma (1928), arranged for flute and piano
    • Elēģija (1922) for cello and piano
    • Daina (1949) for violin and piano
    • Dramatisks moments ( Nožēla , 1931) for violin and piano
    • 4 studies for Steinway sostenuto pedal:
      • Sēru melodija (1933)
      • Teika (1933)
      • Zvani (1933)
      • Zēns ar brīnumkoklīti (1956)
  • Dievs, Tava zeme deg! , CD with text book (Latvian, German, English, Japanese), Baltic Records Group 2003 (also on Spotify )
  • Latvian Patriotic Cantatas , CD, Riga Recording 1999, therein:
    • Dievs, Tava zeme deg! (1943)
  • Tēvreize (our father) from the cantata Dievs, Tava zeme deg! , 1999, on Spotify
  • Solo dziesmas , LP, Мелодия 1981
    • Kālna kāpējs (1940, text: Rainis)
    • Meiten, manu meitenīt (1933, text: Romāns Gauja)
    • Grūtā brīdī
    • Lietiņš
    • Draugs
    • Tautas dziesmu pūrs
    • Pavasaris nāk
    • Devēji
    • Zvaigznes un zeme
    • Viens no daudziem
    • Mirdzošā tīklā
    • Mans sapnis (1929, text: Lūcija Garūta)
    • Dzīvei
    • Aijā dziesmiņa
    • Svētā mīla (1929, text: Lūcija Garūta)
  • Dzīvā kvēle (oratorio based on poems by Rainis for mezzo-soprano, tenor, mixed choir and symphony orchestra), LP, Мелодия 1971
    • 1. Sasaukšanās
    • 2. Neparadušais
    • 3. Pie dzīvības katliem
    • 4. Atsveice biedram
    • 5. Dzīvā kvēle

(More information on these and other LP and CD releases up to 2010 at Discogs )

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ LU Literatūras folkloras un mākslas institūts: Latviešu rakstniecība biogrāfijās . ( Latvian ). Zinātne, Riga 2003, ISBN 9984-698-48-3 , pp. 203 f.
  2. ↑ see English or Latvian Wikipedia article.
  3. ↑ From the essay Sveiciens Lūcijai Garūtai (Greetings to Lūcija Garūta, 1937/39). Translated from the Latvian by Matthias Knoll .
  4. ↑ Kulturaskanons.lv: Composer Lūcijas Garūtas (1902–1977) kantāte tenoram, baritonam, korim un ērģelēm “Dievs, tava zeme deg”, 1943 . Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  5. ^ Strimple, Nick: Choral Music in the Twentieth Century 2005.
  6. ^ Latvian Patriotic Cantatas . Retrieved December 13, 2010.
  7. ↑ From the volume of poetry Tie, kas neaizmirst. Rudens dziesma ( Those Who Do Not Forget. Autumn Song , 1911) Poems No. 2 and 4 from Chapter VI Gaita bez ceļa and Poems No. 1, 3 and 5 from Chapter VII Mērķi aiz mākoņiem .
  8. ↑ Lūcija Garūta ( English ) Discogs. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Garūta, Lūcija
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Garuta, Lūcija; Garuts, Lucija; Гарута, Люция
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Latvian pianist, poet and composer
DATE OF BIRTH May 14, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Riga , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH February 15, 1977
Place of death Riga , LSSR