Zenta Mauriņa

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Zenta Mauriņa around 1930

Zenta Mauriņa [ ˈzenta ˈmaʊ̯riɲa ] ( Christian name: Senta Emma Mauring, born December 15, 1897 in Lejasciems near Gulbene , Livonia Governorate , Russian Empire ; † April 25, 1978 in Basel ) was a Latvian writer , essayist and translator. Her first translations from Latvian into German appeared in the Germanized spelling of her name Senta Mauring , her numerous Latvian-language book reviews and articles on literature in various periodicals, however, initially under the name Zenta Mauriņ (without the gender-specific ending of the surname -a or -š) and from 1927 increasingly in the spelling Mauriņu Zenta ; Around 1930 the form "Zenta Mauriņa" finally prevailed, with the masculine form of the family name Zenta Mauriņš occasionally appearing. In exile, she consistently published her non-Latvian-language publications under the name Zenta Maurina (without the diacritical mark ņ for the voiced palatal nasal ).

Life

Her father Roberts Mauriņš (Robert Samuel Mauring, 1861-1939) was a Latvian doctor, her mother Melanie Charlotte Julie Mauriņa (née Knappe, 1860-1946) a German-born pianist from Saint Petersburg . The siblings Irene Charly Lonny (1893–1903), Werner Joseph Caesar (1899–1903), “Helga, Eva, Senta and Leni Mauring” (Helga Magdalena, 1895–1979; Ieva Marta, 1896– ?; Melanie Helene, 1901– ? and Renate 1907–1930) grew up in three languages ​​( German , Latvian and Russian ); the mother spoke German consistently in the family circle.

In 1898 the family moved to Grobiņa east of Liepāja (dt. Libau), where the father had been appointed as a district doctor; from 1919 until his retirement in 1932 he held the post of district doctor of Liepāja. At the age of five, Zenta developed polio and from then on was dependent on the use of a wheelchair in order to move around independently. She prevailed against the determined will of her mother and attended the Russian high school in Liepāja from 1913 to 1915. After graduating from high school with distinction, after the First World War she briefly ran a Progymnasium which she founded in the premises of her parents' home or doctorate . In 1921 she began to study philosophy , from 1923 Baltic philology at the newly founded Philosophical-Philological Faculty of the Latvian University and graduated in January 1929 with a candidate thesis on Jānis Poruks and Romanticism , which was published as a book that same year. In the summer of 1929 she enrolled at the University of Heidelberg , accompanied and supported by her dearly beloved sister Renate (in the autobiographical works "Masi" - from Latvian māsa = sister - or Renāta) and her friend, the philosopher Teodors Celms , with the intention of to write her doctoral thesis on "Jānis Poruks and German Romanticism" here; However, a sudden illness (and its misdiagnosis) and financial difficulties forced her to return to Latvia, where she worked as a literary critic, leader of a literary circle and lecturer at folk universities and colleges in Riga and Vidzeme ( Mūrmuižas Tautas Ūniversitāte ). In January 1933 Mauriņa applied to the Latvian University for admission to the doctorate and received her doctorate in 1938 as the first woman in Latvia. Also in 1938 her two essay volumes Grāmata par cilvēkiem un lietām (Book about people and things) appeared, in which she processed trips to Vienna (1934), Florence and Rome (1936) and Paris (1936/37), and Saules meklētāji. Apceres par latviešu rakstniekiem (Sun seekers. Essays on Latvian writers); In previous years, four monographs on Rainis, Dostoyevsky, Anna Brigadere and Dante and two other volumes of essays had been published. All these activities would hardly have been possible without the active and continuous support of Konstantin Raudive , whom she met (and loved) in March 1935, and other loyal friends. Together with him she also worked on the editorial board of the Latviešu literatūras vēsture (Latvian literary history) published by K. Rasiņš between 1935 and 1937 .

After the Red Army marched into Latvia on June 17, 1940, Zenta Mauriņa fell almost completely silent, although the Soviet rulers urged her to collaborate; in the year of the first Soviet occupation, she only published translations, which were initially created under the agonizing interference of incompetent "editors" assigned to her. After the "liberation" of Soviet Latvia by the Nazi regime (which, contrary to the Latvians' hopes, by no means restored the Republic of Latvia, but instead established the so-called "East Country" on its territory) Mauriņa resumed her lecturing activities and was together for more than two years responsible with her partner Konstantin Raudive editor of the literary and art part of the in Daugavpils appearing daily newspaper Daugavas Vēstnesis .

In view of the foreseeable reoccupation of Latvia by the Soviets, she fled with Konstantin to Lower Silesia in July 1944, to Sayda in February 1945 and finally to Detmold after the end of the war , where she gave her first lecture in Germany in November. After her official marriage to Konstantin Raudive, she emigrated to Uppsala , Sweden , in 1946 , where she lectured on Russian literature as a visiting professor at the university from 1949 to 1963. In 1952 she undertook the first of her henceforth annual lecture tours through Germany, followed in 1955 by the first lecture tour through Switzerland. In May 1965, the Raudives moved their residence to Bad Krozingen, southwest of Freiburg im Breisgau , where both graves are located , mainly due to the “southern” climate . After she had to break off her vacation and lecture stay in Lugano in April 1978 due to a stroke, Zenta Mauriņa died in a Basel hospital while she was being transported back to Bad Krozingen.

plant

Special stamp of the Latvijas Pasts with two denominations (98 santīmi or 0.98 LVL and 1.39 €), since Latvia joined the euro zone on January 1, 2014, issued in 2013 in the run-up to the founding anniversary of the Republic of Latvia in 2018

To publish on their flight from Latvia in 1944 maurina 15 books in Latvian, including monographs and essays on Dostoevsky and Dante as well as the Latvian writer Janis Akuraters , Auseklis , Fricis Bārda , Krišjānis Barons , Anna Brigadere , Jānis Jaunsudrabiņš , Janis Poruks , Kārlis Skalbe and Rainis . Her novel Dzīves vilcienā (In the Train of Life) was published in 1941. In exile, 27 books were published in Latvian and 35 original publications in German, although it is only made clear in a few cases when these are translations or adaptations by the author of the one in the other language is acting. Some of her works have been translated into Italian, Dutch, Swedish, Danish, English and Finnish.

“The indomitable urge for freedom and joie de vivre, with which the young philologist threw herself into a world that was infinitely expanded both spiritually and spatially, was counterbalanced by a formative force [...]. Their passionate emotional power was combined with the bright awareness of reality. [...] She herself remained glowing in love and anger to this day. [...]

Where does their self-evident and involuntary authority work from? Not from her profound knowledge, but from her wisdom, not from the author, but from the person Zenta Maurina. One can imagine that she would not have written a line and yet she would maintain her spiritual and her human rank. "

- Maximilian Dietrich

“In memoirs, the epically flowing, uninterrupted continuation is characteristic, but I skip years, linger at moments as if they were full years, and describe individual periods of life as a coherent whole. [...]

These records did not grow out of watching, but out of being affected, out of despair, out of defiance against fate, out of belief in the sacred law of survival. And from the longing for redemption, from the transformation of the terrifying life. It is an attempt at purification, a catharsis. [...]

Since I have been living consciously, I have not ceased to dream the dream of European culture which, as a result of savage nationalism and imperialist belief in cannons, has not fully developed. But this dream remains a utopia as long as the small peoples are condemned to isolation and the tendency prevails to crush all nations to the point of uniformity. [...] European culture is interaction, mutual penetration of present and past cultures, harmonious unity of organic diversity. "

- Zenta Mauriņa

Aftermath

Commemorative stamp of the Latvian Post ( Latvijas Pasts ), published in 1996 to mark the 100th birthday of Zenta Mauriņa

The town museum of Bad Krozingen has been honoring Zenta Mauriņa since May 2013 with a permanent exhibition; one room is modeled on her living room and study, personal exhibits, books and a listening station give an impression of her life and work. In the north-west of Bad Krozingen there is a Zenta-Maurina-Weg.

In Grobiņa one of the main streets of the town was named after the famous daughter of the town ( Zentas Mauriņas iela ) and a memorial room was set up in 1997 during the former doctorate where she spent her childhood and youth. From 1999 to 2007 in Grobi „a there was a “Lower Kurland Association 'Venture' of the Friends of Zenta Mauriņa” ( Lejaskurzemes Zentas Mauriņas draugu biedrība “Iedrikstēšanās” ).

On April 1, 2005, the Latvian President Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga unveiled in the presence of King Carl Gustaf XVI. and Queen Silvia at Sysslomansgatan 30B in Uppsala placed a memorial plaque on the former home of Zenta Mauriņa and Konstantin Raudive.

In 2007, the Zentas Mauriņas garīgā mantojuma pētniecības fonds (Fund for Researching the Intellectual Heritage of Zenta Mauriņa) was established in Riga .

A Zenta-Maurina Prize for literature donated by the “Circle of Friends” to Peter Coryllis was awarded to Uwe Anhäuser (1977), Carl Heinz Kurz and Hermann Kuprian (both 1979) and a Zenta-Maurina Jubilee Prize 1979 to Karl-Heinz Giesenbeck .

Awards

  • 1960: Scholarship for a study trip to Italy from the Gustaf VI Adolf birthday fund
  • 1965: Martin Schongauer Prize and Medal of Honor from the Alsatian Academy (Académie d'Alsace à Colmar)
  • 1968: Federal Cross of Merit, 1st class
  • 1969: PBLA Tautas balva (People's Prize of the World Association of Free Latvians )
  • 1971: Konrad Adenauer Prize from the Germany Foundation
  • 1973: Andreas Gryphius Prize (honorary gift)
  • 1977: Prize from the Swiss Foundation for Freedom and Human Rights
  • 1977: Gold Medal Pro Humanitate from the Bonn East-West Cultural Association
  • 1977: Awarded honorary citizenship of the city of Bad Krozingen

bibliography

German-language titles

If no place name is given, all titles are published by Maximilian Dietrich Verlag, Memmingen.

The eight titles published between 1966 and 1979 in Freiburg im Breisgau are miniature books in the format 64 × 94 mm.

  • Mosaic of the heart. Essays. Translated from the Latvian by the author , 1947, 15th edition 1984
  • Figures and fates. Essays , 1949, 4th ed. 1976
  • The long journey. Eine Passion (Autobiography, Part 1), 1951, 7th edition 1985
  • Dostoyevsky. Human creators and seekers of God (revised and expanded version of the monograph published in Latvian in 1932 and in English in 1940, translated by Th. L.), 1952
  • Because the risk is beautiful. Story of a life (autobiography, part 2), 1953, 10th ed. 1990
  • For the sake of man. Themes and Variations (Essays), 1955, 4th ed. 1976
  • Encounter with Elly Ney. A thanks , 1956, 4th ed. 1964
  • In the course of life (German version of the novel published in Latvian in 1941), 1956, 2nd edition 1971
  • Break the iron bars. Story of a life (autobiography, part 3), 1957, 4th ed. 1979
  • On the threshold of two worlds (essays), 1959, 3rd edition 2003
  • About love and death (essays), 1960, 4th ed. 1987
  • Seven guests. The story of a week , 1961, 2nd edition 1964
  • North and south terrain. Swedish Diaries 1946–1951 (Autobiography, Part 4), 1962
  • Boredom and the Haunted Man (essay based on the lecture tour from 1961), 1962, 2nd edition 1965
  • World unity and the task of the individual (essays), 1963
  • In the beginning there was joy. Variations on the Theme of Christmas (Stories), 1964, 5th edition 1996
  • The task of the poet in our time. Essays with literary portraits by Dag Hammarskjöld, Giorgos Seferis, Alexander Solschenizyn , Munich 1965
  • Years of liberation. Swedish Diaries 1951–1958 (Autobiography, Part 5), 1965
  • Alienation and Friendship (Essays), 1966, 2nd ed. 1988
  • Birch bark • Benjamin. Two reports , 1967
  • Portraits of Russian writers. Essays , 1968
  • Paths to Recovery. Experiences and observations , Freiburg i. Br. 1968
  • Adventure of being human. Fates and Confessions 1959-1964 (autobiography, part 6), 1970, 2nd edition 1972
  • Man - the poet's eternal theme (essays), 1972
  • Death in spring. Stories , 1972
  • A day can be a pearl. Reminder sheets , Freiburg i. Br. 1973
  • Small orchestra of hope. Essays on Eastern and Western Literature , 1974
  • The way from me to you. Findings and considerations , Freiburg i. Br. 1974
  • Why contactlessness? (Essays), Freiburg i. Br. 1975
  • My song from the earth. Paths 1965-1971 (autobiography, part 7), 1976, 2nd edition 1978
  • The marble staircase. Insights and Tales , 1977
  • Through suffering to joy (essays), Freiburg i. Br. 1979
  • My roots are in heaven. Last Paths (Autobiography, Part 8), 1979 (posthumously), 2nd edition, 2000
  • Letters from exile 1945-1951 , ed. by Maximilian Dietrich, 1980 (posthumous)
  • World unity and the task of the individual (essays), 2001 (posthumous)

Selected volumes

  • Life mastery. Aphorisms and Insights , Freiburg i. Br. 1966
  • For the sake of joy. Findings and observations , Freiburg i. Br. 1971
  • Beloved life - lived life. Thoughts on the meaning of life. From her work , 1981 (posthumously), 3rd edition 2003

Translations of works by other authors from Latvian (selection)

  • J. Akuraters (Jānis Akuraters): Meine Beliebte ( short story), published in the Libauschen newspaper on July 29 and 30, 1919
  • J. Akuraters (Jānis Akuraters): Novellas (When I was still happy; Hops; Kalej's son) , Latvian Literature Volume IV, 1922
  • Harald Eldgast (Haralds Eldgasts): The dying swan ; Jahnis Eserinsch (Jānis Ezeriņš): The new law . Stories. In: Selected Pieces from Latvian Literature, 1st Collection , 1924
  • The Latvians. Essays on the history, language and culture of the ancient Latvians by Lect. Br. Adamovičs, Prof. L. Adamovičs, Prof. Br. Balodis, Prof. E. Biese, Prof. J. Endzelīns, Prof. J. Plāķis, Prof. A Spekke, Prof. K. Straubergs, Prof. P. Schmidt, Prof. A. Tentelis, Prof. R. Wipper (without naming the translator), 1930
  • Konstantin Raudive: The memoirs of Sylvester Perkons. Novel in ten books (Silvestra Pērkona memuāri), 3 vols. (Volume 1: The Seeker , Volume 2: Light , Volume 3: The Eternal Pilgrim ), 1947–1949
  • Konstantin Raudive: Ashes and Embers (Pleni un kvēle), 1961
  • Konstantin Raudive: Brightness and Twilight. The notes of the sculptor Sylvester Perkons (2nd edition of The Memoirs of Sylvester Perkons , edited by Maximilian Dietrich ), 1966

Editing

  • Konstantin Raudive in memory , 1975
  • Golden stars shine every evening. My favorite poems , Freiburg i. Br. 1977

Contributions in anthologies etc. (selection)

Latvian-language titles

(All titles were published in Riga up to and including 1944)

  • Daži pamata motīvi Raiņa mākslā. Konturējums (Some basic motifs in Rainis' art. An outline, 30-page booklet; extended version included in Saules meklētāji , 1938, pp. 61-150), 1928
  • Jānis Poruks un romantisms (Jānis Poruks and the Romanticism), 1929 (candidate thesis)
  • Dostojevskis. Viņa personība, mūžs un pasaules uzskats (Dostoevsky. His personality, life and worldview = Dostoevsky. Man- maker and God-seeker ), 1932, 1933, 1935, 1936, Chicago (?) 1952, Riga 1993, 1997
  • Pārdomas un ieceres (Considerations and Plans ), 1934, 1936, 1938
  • Baltais ceļš. Studija par Annu Brigaderi (The White Way. A Study of Anna Brigadere ), 1935, 1937, Chicago 1951, Riga 1996
  • Dzīves apliecinātāji. Ieskati un atziņas (Testimony to Life. Insights and Knowledge), 1935, 1936, 1939, Chicago 1951
  • Dante tagadnes cilvēka skatījumā (Dante from today's perspective), 1937, 1938, Chicago 1952, Riga 1993
  • Friča Bārdas pasaules uzskats (Fricis Bārdas Weltanschauung), 1938 (dissertation on Dr. phil.)
  • Saules meklētāji. Apceres par latviešu rakstniekiem (Sunseeker. Essays on Latvian Writers), 1938, 1939
  • Grāmata par cilvēkiem un lietām (Book on People and Things), 1938
  • Ziemeļu tēmas un variācijas. Eseju krājums (Nordic Themes and Variations. Collection of Essays ), 1939, 1942, Toronto 1956
  • Neaizsūtīta vēstule (An Unsent Letter), 1940, 1942, Uppsala 1952
  • Dzīves vilcienā. Romāns 3 daļās (= In the course of life . A novel in three parts), 1941, 1942, New York 1953, Riga 1992
  • Prometeja gaismā. Esejas 1939. – 1942. (In the light of Prometheus. Essays 1939–1942), 1943
  • Kultūras saknes (Roots of Culture), 1944
  • Trīs brāļi. Romāns (Three Brothers. Roman), Esslingen 1946, New York 1982, Riga 2011
  • Sirds mozaīka. Esejas par ciešanām un prieku (Heart mosaic = mosaic of the heart . Essays on suffering and joy), Stockholm 1947, Nuremberg 1949, Riga 1993
  • Tilti. Izmeklētas esejas 1934.-1947. (Bridges. Selected essays 1934–1947), Mullsjö 1947
  • Spīts. Esejas (Despite. Essays), Nuremberg 1949
  • Uguns gari. Esejas (Fire Spirits . Essays), Toronto 1951
  • Sāpju noslēpums. Eseja (The Secret of Pain. Essay), Västerås 1952, Riga 2003
  • Frančeska. Romāns (Francesca. Roman), New York 1952, 1973, Riga 1993
  • Pilsētas un cilvēki. Vērojumi un raksturojumi (Cities and People. Observations and Characterizations; identical to Grāmata par cilvēkiem un lietām , 1938), Toronto 1953
  • Latviešu esejas (Latvian essays; contains parts from Saules meklētāji , 1938), Västerås 1953
  • Traģiskai's skaistums. Esejas (The Tragic Beauty. Essays), Chicago 1954
  • Cilvēces sargi. Esejas par pasaules literatūru (Guardians of Humanity. Essays on World Literature), Toronto 1955
  • Tālā gaita (The long corridor = The long journey ), Toronto 1955
  • Ziemeļu esejas (Nordic Essays), Toronto 1956
  • Septiņi viesi. Vienas nedēļas stāsts (= seven guests. The story of a week ), Uppsala 1957, New York 1959, Riga 2006
  • Iedrīkstēties ir skaisti (To dare is beautiful = Because the risk is beautiful ), Toronto 1958
  • Dzelzs aizbīdņi lūst (break iron bars = break the iron bars ), Toronto 1960
  • Divas kultūras saknes. Eseja (Two Roots of Culture. Essay), Copenhagen 1961
  • Apnicība un steiga (boredom and haste = boredom and the haunted person ), New York 1962
  • Par mīlestību un nāvi. Esejas (= About love and death. Essays ), New York 1964
  • Sākumā bija prieks. Ziemsvētku stāstiņi un tēlojumi (= In the beginning was joy . Christmas stories and pictures), New York 1965, Riga 1994, 2017 (with the subtitle Ziemas stāsti un apceres - winter stories and essays)
  • Trim the tragic. Zviedrijas dienasgrāmatas (tragedy of exile = north and south terrain . Swedish diaries 1946–1951), New York 1965, 1966
  • Pasaules vārtos (In the Gate of the World = Years of Liberation . Swedish Diaries 1951–1958), New York 1968
  • Bērza tāss (= birch bark ), New York 1971, Riga 1993
  • Dzīves jēgu meklējot. Esejas un aforismi (In search of the meaning of life. Essays and aphorisms), New York 1973
  • Dzintargraudi. Mīlestības stāsti un pārdomas ( Pieces of amber. Love stories and thoughts), New York 1973, 1975
  • Zemes dziesma (Earth song or [The] song of the earth = My song of the earth ), New York 1976, 1977, Riga 1994
  • Manas saknes ir debesīs (= My roots are in heaven ), New York 1980

Publications under the pseudonym Amenta Zīra

  • Divi gabaliņi bērnu teātrim. I. Ziemas svētku zvaigzne. II. Pasaciņa par laimi (Two small pieces for children's theater. 1. The poinsettia , 2. The fairy tale of happiness), 1924
  • Feja, velns un ragana (The fairy, the devil and the witch), 1924
  • Kur laime mīt? Bērnu pasaciņa sešās ainās (Where does happiness live? Children's fairy tales in six scenes), 1924
  • Jaunais likums. Pasaku spēle ar dziesmām un dejām skolas teātrim (The new law. Fairy tale play with songs and dances for school theater), dramatization of a fairy tale by Jānis Ezeriņš , 1928
  • Lidotājs Pavasaris. Dziesmu spēle skolēnu teātrim (Spring, the aviator. Song play for the school theater), written together with Jānis Zanders, 1935

Translations of works by other authors into Latvian

  • Albert Camus : Mēris ( La Peste , Eng . The plague ). No franču valodas tulkojusi Zenta Mauriņa, Toronto 1952
  • Thomas Carlyle : Par varoņiem, varoņu godināšanu un varonīgumu vēsturē ( On Heroes and Hero Worship and The Heroic in History , German heroes, hero worship and heroism in history , lecture cycle series, 1846). No angļu valodas tulkojusi Zenta Mauriņa, 1936
  • Thomas Hardy : Skaidra sieviete ( [Tess of the d'Urbervilles.] A Pure Woman [Faithfully Presented] , German Tess of the d'Urbervilles , novel). No angļu valodas tulkojusi Zenta Mauriņa, 1939, New York 1956
  • Romēns Rolāns ( Romain Rolland ): Bēthovens ( Vie de Beethoven , German Ludwig van Beethoven ). No franču valodas tulkojusi Mauriņu Zenta, 1932, 1994
  • Romēns Rolāns (Romain Rolland): Mikel-Andželo ( Vie de Michel-Ange , German Michelangelo ). No franču valodas tulkojusi Mauriņu Zenta, 1934
  • Romēns Rolāns (Romain Rolland): Žans Kristofs ( Jean-Christophe , German Johann Christof ), books 1 to 3. No franču valodas tulkojusi Mauriņu Zenta, 1940/41
  • Sigrid Undset : Kristīne Lavrana meita ( Kristin Lavransdatter , German Kristin Lavran's daughter , novel trilogy , 1920–22). Translated from the German, 1930/31, 1936/37, New York 1951
  • Sigrid Undset: Olavs Auduna dēls ( Olav Audunssøn , Ger . Olav Audunssohn , novel in two parts, 1925/27). Translated from German, Part 2 mainly translated from Norwegian by Lizete Skalbe, 1933, 1936, Riga 1993

Forewords, contributions in anthologies, etc. (selection)

  • Articles on Krišjānis Barons, Auseklis (Volume 2), Rainis (Volume 4), Jānis Akuraters, Jānis Jaunsudrabiņš and Fricis Bārda (Volume 5) for the Latviešu literatūras vēsture (Latvian literary history), 1935–37 , published by K. Rasiņš
  • Preface to the cycle of essays Dzives traģiskās jūtas cilvēkos un tautās (Spanish original title: Del sentimiento trágico de la vida en los hombres y en los pueblos , 1913; German title: The tragic feeling of life ) by Miguel de Unamuno , 1938
  • Foreword to the novel Baltijas jūras meita (Finnish original title: Itämeren tytär , 1929–1936; German title: The daughter of the Baltic Sea ) by Maila Talvio , 1943

Editions of works in Latvian

  • Kopoti raksti (Collected Works), Valters un Rapa, Riga 1939/40 (designed for ten volumes; only two volumes were published due to the war)
  • Raksti piecpadsmit sējumos (writings in 15 volumes), Daugava, Riga 1996–2003 (only volumes 1 to 7 have been published)

literature

  • Otto Schempp: The heart has wings. Zenta Maurina - life and work . Maximilian Dietrich Verlag, Memmingen 1957.
  • Erik Thomson : On the 70th birthday of Dr. Zenta Maurina . In: Mare Balticum. Culture, History, Present , Vol. 2 (1966/1967), pp. 59–62.
  • Book of friendship. Zenta Maurina on her 70th birthday . Maximilian Dietrich Verlag, Memmingen 1967. In the appendix: Bibliography of works u. Overview of Zenta Maurina's lectures.
  • Maurina, Zenta. In: Franz Lennartz : Foreign poets and writers of our time. Individual presentations on beautiful literature in foreign languages (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 217). 4th enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-520-2170-4 , pp. 504-506 ( digitized in the Internet Archive ).
  • Cornucopia of flowers. A birthday greeting for Zenta Maurina. Edited by Margot Fethke, drawings by Hanna Nagel. Altkönig Verlag, Oberursel 1972.
  • Heronims Tichovskis (Ed.): Veltījums Dr. Zentai Maurin̦ai 80 gadu dzimšanas dienā (dedication to Dr. Zenta Mauriņa on his 80th birthday). Astras Apgāds / University of California 1977.
  • In honor of Zenta Maurina. Texts for her 80th birthday on December 15, 1977 . Dietrich, Memmingen 1978, ISBN 3-87164-090-5 .
  • Zenta Maurina , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 21/1978 of May 15, 1978, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)
  • Christoph Lippelt : Zenta Maurina or: The impossible is possible . In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt Heft 14 of April 3, 1975, pp. 1001–1004 ( digital copy from aerzteblatt.de)
  • Zenta Maurina - Pictures from her life [approx. 150 photographs; with a foreword by Maximilian Dietrich and an essay by Dr. Christoph Lippelt], Memmingen 1983
  • Irene Mellis: Trīsdesmit divi gadi kopā ar Zentu Mauriņu (32 years together with Zenta Mauriņa), Riga 1997
  • Irene Mellis: Paths of Friendship. 32 years with Zenta Maurina , Memmingen 1999
  • LU Literatūras, Folkloras and Mākslas institūts: Latviešu rakstniecība biogrāfijās . 2nd, revised and expanded edition, Zinātne, Riga 2003, ISBN 9984-698-48-3 , pp. 391–393.
  • Carola L. Gottzmann, Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg. From the Middle Ages to the present ., Vol 2: H-M . Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007. ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , pp. 891-894 .
  • Geert Franzenburg:  Maurina, Zenta. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 31, Bautz, Nordhausen 2010, ISBN 978-3-88309-544-8 , Sp. 862-866.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Church book of Aahof 1897, entry no. 98 (p. 20)
  2. ↑ Search query on the periodical server (sorting: "Kartot pēc: datuma (augoši)") of the LNB ; first relevant entry 1923 (Latvju Grāmata)
  3. ↑ Hermann von Westermann's letter of December 30, 1913 to the Mauring sisters ( memento of the original of January 17, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. im Rakstniecības un mūzikas muzejs ( Memento of the original from December 27, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / rmm.lv @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / rmm.lv
  4. ^ Photo of the tombstone of Renate Mauriņa and Roberts Mauriņš at rmm.lv (section “Vislielākais zaudējums un mierinājums no Heidelbergas”) , accessed on January 10, 2018
  5. ↑ Information from rmm.lv (section “Visvērtīgākais”) , accessed on January 10, 2018
  6. ↑ Juris Egle's website , accessed on January 10, 2018
  7. ↑ Text accompanying a Zenta Mauriņa exhibition ( Memento of the original from January 10, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the Ikšķile library @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ikskile.lv
  8. ^ Jānis Stradiņš : Zenta Mauriņa un Latvijas Universitāte . In: Zentai Mauriņai - 100. Eiropa, Latvija - kultūru dialogs , Riga, Nordik 1998, pp. 35 ff.
  9. ↑ Zenta Maurina: Breaking the iron bars , chapter "The poison of fear", pp. 61–66; see also Ilgonis Bērsons: Commentary on Casa Pantrova (p. 124) as part of the selection of essays “Kad es ilgojos dzimtenes” in Karogs № 1/1987, pp. 106–124
  10. ↑ Breaking the Iron Bar , Chapter “Work Becomes a Curse”, pp. 82/83, 89-103
  11. ↑ According to Pēteris Apinis ( 100 Latvijas personību / 100 personalities of Latvia, p. 108) the wedding took place in Florence in 1936; s. also Anita Bormane: "100 Latvijas personības: Konstantīns Raudive" in: Mājas Viesis of October 22, 2005
  12. ↑ What does a Latvian special postage have to do with Bad Krozingen? (badische-zeitung.de, December 17, 2012, accessed December 13, 2017)
  13. ↑ Telephone information from the contemporary witness Heidelore Hering
  14. ↑ Mārtiņš Lasmanis: "Kāda dzīve" . In: Jaunā Gaita № 193, October 1993
  15. ↑ Curt Visel: "Zenta Mauriņa's work in Germany". In: Zentai Mauriņai - 100. Eiropa, Latvija - kultūru dialogs , Riga, Nordik 1998, p. 283 ff.
  16. ↑ From: Otto Schempp: The heart has wings. Zenta Maurina - Life and Work (Preface). Maximilian Dietrich Verlag, Memmingen 1957, p. 14 f.
  17. ↑ From: Zenta Maurina: Because the risk is beautiful. Story of a life (introduction). Maximilian Dietrich Verlag, Memmingen 1953, p. 8 ff.
  18. ↑ Article Strong woman in weak body in the Badische Zeitung of May 11, 2013. Retrieved on December 14, 2017.
  19. ^ Exhibition Zenta Mauriņa , report in Bad Krozingen TV. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
  20. ^ The city museum in the Litschgihaus. Retrieved December 13, 2017 .
  21. ↑ Internet presence of the Grobiņa tourist office
  22. ↑ Information about the association at firmas.lv
  23. ^ Announcement of the service of the President in Latvijas Vēstnesis from April 5, 2005
  24. ^ Report on the state visit to the Kingdom of Sweden in Latvijas Vēstnesis on April 5, 2005
  25. ↑ Information on the foundation at firmas.lv
  26. ↑ Telephone information from Uwe Anhäuser on December 28, 2017
  27. ↑ The Ostpreußenblatt from 07.21.1979, page 16 (Culture notes)
  28. ↑ "Festschrift 23rd Bavarian Nordgautag Waldsassen" of the Upper Palatinate Cultural Association
  29. ↑ http://tidningenkulturen.se/index.php/litteratur-topp/essaeer-om-litteratur-boecker/19556-zenta-maurina
  30. ↑ "... that the King of Sweden, Gustaf VI Adolf [,] has promised you a scholarship for a trip to Italy from his birthday fund for Swedish culture." (Zenta Maurina: North and South Grounds. Swedish Diaries , p. 12)
  31. ↑ http://tidningenkulturen.se/index.php/litteratur-topp/essaeer-om-litteratur-boecker/19556-zenta-maurina
  32. ^ History of the Académie des Sciences, Lettres et Arts d'Alsace (1952 to 2007 "Académie d'Alsace à Colmar")
  33. ^ Cross of Merit 1st Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, awarded on May 2, 1968; in Wikipedia: WikiProjekt_Bundesverdienstkreuz / 1968 not listed, source: telephone information from the Federal President's Office on December 18, 2017
  34. ↑ website of Pasaules Brivo latviešu apvienība
  35. ↑ Gottzmann, Hörner: Lexicon of German-Language Literature of the Baltic States ... , p. 891
  36. ^ Website of the Foundation for Freedom and Human Rights
  37. ↑ Gottzmann, Hörner: Lexicon of German-Language Literature of the Baltic States ... , p. 891
  38. ↑ ALA (Amerikas Latviešu Apvienība) Žurnāls No. 23 of May 1st, 1978, p. 48
  39. ^ A Prophet of the Soul: Fyodor Dostoievsky by Zenta Maurina. Translated by C. P. Finlayson. James Clarke & Co. Ltd, Cambridge & London 1940.
  40. ↑ In a letter dated May 31, 1946, Z. Mauriņa wrote to Maximilian Dietrich: “[…] Ms. Th. L. is working with great enthusiasm on the German translation of my Dostoyevsky essay, which had good results in English. As soon as Ms. L. has finished the translation, she will send it to you […]. ”Quoted from: Letters from exile 1945-1951 , ed. by Maximilian Dietrich, Memmingen 1980, p. 10 f.
  41. ↑ Latviešu rakstniecība biogrāfijās , Riga 2003, p. 393.
  42. ^ Website of the Valmiera Integrated Library
  43. ↑ Advertisement in the daily newspaper Rīts from March 6, 1935, p. 4 (with real name)
  44. ↑ "Sigriju Unseti pieminot". In: Karogs № 5/1972, p. 188
  45. ↑ "Sigriju Unseti pieminot". In: Karogs № 5/1972, p. 188
  46. ^ Bibliography of the Latvian Library Switzerland
  47. ↑ Ausma Cimdiņa: Zentas Mauriņas “Tālo gaitu” tautā izvadot , note 6 (p. 314). In: Zenta Mauriņa: Tālā gaita , Daugava, Rīga 1996

Web links

Commons : Zenta Mauriņa  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Mauriņa, Zenta
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mauriņa, Zenta Emma (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Latvian writer
DATE OF BIRTH December 15, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH Lejasciems near Gulbene , Livonia Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH April 25, 1978
Place of death Basel