Latino sine flexione

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Latino sine Flexione (Interlingua-IL; Il de Peano; Semilatino)
Project author Giuseppe Peano
Year of publication 1903
Linguistic
classification
particularities Latino sine Flexione is a greatly simplified Latin. The vocabulary is derived directly from Latin .
Language codes
ISO 639 -1

-

ISO 639 -2

art (other planned languages)

Latino sine flexione ( Interlingua IL , Interlingua de Peano , Interlingua de Academia pro Interlingua ) ( Latin without inflections) is a world auxiliary language that was developed in 1903 by the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano .

Voice portrait

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The language is, as the name suggests, a form of Latin without the complicated inflection (inflection), while the vocabulary remains the same.

Peano founded his language in the article De Latino sine Flexione, Lingua Auxiliare Internationale (About Latin without inflection, an international auxiliary language). In it he argues that world auxiliary languages ​​are unnecessary because Latin already exists as a world language . Peano started his article on Latino sine flexione in normal Latin, then gradually dropped all inflections until the end of the article was fully read in Latino sine flexione.

The language was also called interlingua from the start , but should not be confused with Interlingua-IA (Interlingua / IALA). In contrast to Interlingua / IALA , no separate dictionary is used for Latino sine flexione, a dictionary for Latin and the rules for the derivation of the words in Latino sine flexione are sufficient. In addition, the classical Latin vocabulary can be supplemented by terms of modern Romance languages.

Up to 1950 numerous, mainly scientific publications (approx. 3000 pages) were written in Latino sine Flexione. This makes it one of the few planned languages that have actually been used. Although it has largely been supplanted by Interlingua / IALA , it is repeatedly discussed as an example of a successful, simplified version of Latin.

grammar

The nouns are derived from the Latin ablative singular form as follows .

Nouns
Latin nominative Latin ablative / Latino German
pink pink rose
laurus lauro laurel
casus casu case
series series series
pax pace peace
Pronouns
number Singular Plural
1st person me
i 		nos
we
2nd person te
you 		vos
her
3rd person illo, illa, id
he, she, it 		illos
them
Reflexive se
yourself 		se
yourself

Latino sine flexione knows neither definite nor indefinite articles. The nouns are not inflected or differentiated according to sex. The plural of nouns is formed by adding -s .

The root form of the verbs is obtained by removing the infinitive ending -re . The stem is both the present tense and the imperative. The verbs are not inflected. Example: me ama (I love), te ama (you love), illo ama (he loves).

The past tense is not formed morphologically, but by prefixing signal words like “heri” (yesterday) or “in praeterito” (in the past).

The adjective forms are derived from the Latin form of the neuter in the nominative singular. If this ends in -um , it becomes sine flexione -o in Latino ; if it ends in -e , this form is retained. In all other cases the same rules apply as for nouns.

Examples

“Latino es lingua international in occidente de Europa from tempore de imperio romano, per toto medio aevo, et in scientia usque ultimo seculo. Seculo vigesimo es primo que non haben lingua commune. Hodie quasi omne auctore scribe in proprio lingua nationale, id es in plure lingua neo-latino, in plure germanico, in plure slavo, in nipponico et alio. Tale multitudine de linguas in labores deinterest commune ad toto humanitate constitute magno obstaculo ad progressu. "

“Latin was an international language in Western Europe from the time of the Roman Empire, throughout the Middle Ages, and in science until the last century. The 20th century is the first not to have a common language. Today practically every author writes in his own national language, that is mostly in neo-Latin languages, in Germanic languages, in Slavic languages, in Japanese and others. In this way, the multitude of languages ​​in work for the common good of all humanity is a great obstacle to progress. "

Latin proverbs and their transmission
Latin Latino sine flexione German
Vox populi vox Dei Voce de populo, voce de deodorant People's voice, God's voice
In medio stat virtus. Virtute sta in medio. Virtue is in the middle.
Qui non laborat, non manducet. Qui non labora, non debe manduca. Those who don't work shouldn't eat anything.
Medice, cura te ipsum. Medico, cura te ipso. Doctor, help yourself!
De gustibus non est disputandum . Nos ne debe disputa de gustu. You can't argue about taste.

literature

  • Key to interlingua, or latin without inflections, to be used as an auxiliary language between peoples of different mother tongues by many members of academia pro interlingua . Kegan Paul, Trench, Teubner u. a., London a. a. 1931.
  • Primo libro de Interlingua sive Latino sine flexione, destinato quale lingua auxiliare inter populos de differente matre lingua per plure socio de Academia pro Interlingua . Kegan Paul, Trench, Teubner u. a., London a. a. 1931.
  • Věra Barandovská-Frank : De latino sine flexione centenario = A century of Latino sine flexione . Akademia Libroservo - Inst. For Cybernetics, Berlin a. a. 2003, ISBN 3-929853-14-0 , ( basic studies from cybernetics and humanities 44, 2003, supplement).
  • G. Peano: De Latino Sine Flexione. Lingua Auxiliary Internationale . In: Rivista di Matematica, Volume 8, Turin, 1903, pp. 74-83
  • G. Peano: Vocabulario de Latino internationale comparato cum Anglo, Franco, Germano, Hispano, Italo, Russo, Græco et Sanscrito. Turin 1904
  • G. Peano: Vocabulario Commune ad linguas de Europa. Turin 1909

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ^ Peano: Vocabulario commune ad linguas de Europa , 1909, and Peano: 100 Exemplo de Interlingua cum vocabulario Interlingua-latino-italiano-français-English-Deutsch , 1913.